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北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 120-130. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.01.022

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

口腔用光固化三维打印精度评价方法的建立及应用效果

萧宁,孙玉春,赵一姣(),王勇()   

  1. 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,口腔医学数字化研究中心,口腔修复教研室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-30 出版日期:2019-02-18 发布日期:2019-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 赵一姣,王勇 E-mail:kqcadcs@bjmu.edu.cn;kqcadc@bjmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106903);国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106901);宁夏自治区重点研发计划重点项目(2018BEG02012)

A method to evaluate the trueness of reconstructed dental models made with photo-curing 3D printing technologies

Ning XIAO,Yu-chun SUN,Yi-jiao ZHAO(),Yong WANG()   

  1. Center for Digital Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2018-09-30 Online:2019-02-18 Published:2019-02-26
  • Contact: Yi-jiao ZHAO,Yong WANG E-mail:kqcadcs@bjmu.edu.cn;kqcadc@bjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1106903);Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1106901);and the Key R&D Program of of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2018BEG02012)

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摘要：

目的:建立一种光固化三维打印技术精度评价用牙颌参考模型,并借助该模型建立光固化三维打印牙颌模型准确度的多维评价方法,获得客观评价结果。方法:参考既往文献报道的中国人群恒牙及恒牙列形态学研究的统计分析数据,在3ds Max 2018软件中设计一副以简化标准长方体组合模型模拟真实牙颌模型特征的牙颌参考模型。用三款不同打印原理的光固化三维打印机进行模型打印,分别是:Objet30 Pro打印机(PJ技术)、Projet 3510 HD Plus打印机(MJP技术)和Perfactory DDP打印机(DLP技术)。通过三维扫描打印模型,在Geomagic Studio 2012软件中基于扫描数据分析打印模型的整体3D偏差、特征面的平面度、平行度和垂直度误差。利用数显卡尺对打印模型各模拟牙冠近远中径、颊舌径和牙合龈向高度以及模拟牙列进行特征尺寸测量,分析打印层内和打印层高百分比误差。结果:在三维形态误差方面,Objet30 Pro打印模型的整体3D偏差最小,Projet 3510 HD Plus和Perfactory DDP打印模型分别在垂直度和平面度方面表现最优;在特征尺寸误差方面,Objet30 Pro打印模型的打印层内和打印层高误差综合表现最优。结论:本研究建立的光固化三维打印牙颌模型精度评价模型及配套方法,可以提供较客观、全面的评价结果,具有较好的通用性,可为三维打印临床应用提供参考和指导。

关键词: 三维打印, 牙模型, 摄影测量法, 可重复性结果

Abstract:

Objective: To establish a reference dental model used for trueness evaluation of photo-curing 3D printing technologies, and to establish a multidimensional trueness evaluation method based on the reference dental model, which can yield a comprehensive objective evaluating result. Methods: A reference dental model was designed in 3ds Max 2018 software based on the statistical analysis results of dental crown and dental arch of Chinese population in previous studies in order to simulate a real dental model. This model was made up of several simple geometrical configurations, which could minimize the manual measurement error. Physical models were fabricated using three types of photo-curing three-dimensional printers using different techniques: Objet30 Pro (PJ), Projet 3510 HD Plus (MJP), and Perfactory DDP (DLP). The models were scanned by a laser-scanning device and the files were exported in a stereolithography file format. In Geomagic Studio 2012, 3D shape deviations (including overall 3D deviation, flatness error, parallelism error and perpendicularity error) were measured by several commands using the data obtained from the scanning. With regard to the feature size of the simulated dental crown and dental arch, linear measurements (including mesiodistal diameter, buccolingual diameter, crown height of each simulated dental crown and feature size of dental arch) were recorded for selected landmarks using a digital caliper. The measurement results of feature sizes were used to analyze the occlusal plane percentage error and the occlusogingival direction percentage error. Results: For the 3D shape deviation, the results showed that the printed model made by the Objet30 Pro had the lowest overall 3D deviation, the model made by Projet 3510 HD Plus had the best perpendicularity accuracy and the model made by Perfactory DDP had the best flatness accuracy. In terms of the accuracy of the feature size, the model made by the Objet30 Pro was the most accurate in consideration of the results of the occlusal plane percentage error and the occlusogingival direction percentage error. Conclusion: The reference dental model and the trueness evaluation method using this model is universally applicable in evaluating the trueness of photo-curing three-dimensional printed dental model and can provide a comprehensive objective evaluating result, which can serve as a reference for the clinical use of photo-curing 3D printing technology.

Key words: Three-dimensional printing, Dental models, Photogrammetry, Reproducibility of results

中图分类号: 

  • R783.1

图1

研究设计流程图"

图2

上颌参考模型尺寸"

图3

下颌参考模型尺寸"

表1

牙颌参考模型各模拟牙冠尺寸"

Items Maxillary model Mandibular model
Mesiodistal diameter Buccolingual diameter Crown height Mesiodistal diameter Buccolingual diameter Crown height
Central incisor/mm 8 7 10 5 6 8
Lateral incisor/mm 7 6 9 6 6 8
Canine/mm 8 8 11 7 7 8
First premolar/mm 7 9 10 7 8 7
Second premolar/mm 7 9 10 7 8 7
First molar/mm 10 11 8 11 10 10
Second molar/mm 9 11 5 11 10 12

图4

牙颌参考模型打印时的摆放方向 (底座平面平行于打印机成型底盘、牙合龈向与底盘垂直)"

图5

在Geomagic Studio 2012软件中使用“特征平面拟合”功能得到各个平面"

图6

使用尖爪数显卡尺测量打印模型的模拟牙冠特征尺寸"

图7

打印模型模拟牙列特征尺寸"

图8

Objet30 Pro打印参考模型的3D偏差分析色阶图"

图9

Projet 3510 HD Plus打印参考模型的3D偏差分析色阶图"

图10

Perfactory DDP打印参考模型的3D偏差分析色阶图"

表2

3D打印牙颌参考模型的平面度、平行度和垂直度误差"

Items Objet30 Pro, x?±s Projet 3510 HD Plus, x?±s Perfactory DDP, x?±s
Max_M Man_M OV Max_M Man_M OV Max_M Man_M OV
Flatness error/mm 0.178±0.050 0.203±0.065 0.190±0.059 0.085±0.029 0.077±0.017 0.081±0.024 0.071±0.019 0.076±0.025 0.074±0.023
Parallelism error/(°) 0.097±0.043 0.177±0.066 0.138±0.068 0.164±0.079 0.118±0.056 0.141±0.071 0.648±0.126 0.220±0.096 0.434±0.244
Perpendicularity error/(°) 89.674±0.222 89.796±0.131 89.735±0.191 89.924±0.050 89.886±0.083 89.905±0.070 89.319±0.227 89.724±0.122 89.522±0.273

表3

3D打印牙颌参考模型的水平向和垂直向平面度误差"

Group Flatness errors of horizontal planes/mm Flatness errors of vertical planes/mm
Objet30 Pro 0.250 0.161
Projet 3510 HD Plus 0.081 0.081
Perfactory DDP 0.056 0.083

表4

3D打印牙颌参考模型的层内、层高尺寸误差"

Items Objet30 Pro, x?±s Projet 3510 HD Plus, x?±s Perfactory DDP, x?±s
Max_M Man_M OV Max_M Man_M OV Max_M Man_M OV
Occlusal plane error/% 0.09±0.36 -0.05±0.34 0.02±0.36 -0.39±0.24 -0.03±0.24 -0.21±0.30 0.27±0.34 0.18±0.39 0.23±0.36
Occlusogingival direction error/% -0.05±0.08 -0.07±0.10 -0.06±0.09 -0.33±0.10 -0.22±0.15 -0.27±0.14 0.05±0.10 -0.17±0.10 -0.06±0.15
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