北京大学学报(医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 249-254. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2022.02.008
吴俊慧,武轶群,吴瑶,王紫荆,吴涛,秦雪英,王梦莹,王小文,王伽婷,胡永华()
WU Jun-hui,WU Yi-qun,WU Yao,WANG Zi-jing,WU Tao,QIN Xue-ying,WANG Meng-ying,WANG Xiao-wen,WANG Jia-ting,HU Yong-hua()
摘要:
目的: 通过对新发2型糖尿病患者进行前瞻性观察,探究2型糖尿病发病后缺血性脑卒中的发病特点,并进一步分析2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中发病的危险因素。方法: 数据资料来源于北京市城镇职工基本医疗保险信息系统数据库。研究采用前瞻性设计,对2010年新诊断为2型糖尿病的患者在2010—2017年缺血性脑卒中的发病情况进行描述,采用Logistic回归模型分析2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中发病的危险因素。结果: 共纳入185 813例新发2型糖尿病患者,平均年龄(58.5±13.2)岁,男性占49.0%。随访7年内出现新发缺血性脑卒中患者10 393例,累积发病率为5.6%,发病密度为8.1/1 000人年。2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中在各个年龄段均有发生,不同年龄组累积发病率分别为:≤44岁组1.5%(95%CI:1.3%~1.6%),45~54岁组3.6%(95%CI:3.4%~3.7%),55~64岁组5.4%(95%CI:5.2%~5.5%),≥65岁组9.2%(95%CI:9.0%~9.4%),累积发病率随年龄升高而增加(P<0.05)。男性累积发病率(6.8%,95%CI: 6.7%~7.0%)高于女性(4.4%,95%CI: 4.3%~4.6%);<80岁的患者中,男性在各年龄段累积发病率均高于女性;≥80岁的患者中,女性累积发病率(9.2%)高于男性(7.9%)。进一步分析2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中发病的危险因素,发现患有冠心病(OR=3.18,95%CI:2.72~3.72)、心力衰竭(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.32~1.79)、肾衰竭(OR=1.45, 95%CI:1.20~1.75)等合并症与2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中的发病有关。结论: 2型糖尿病患者缺血性脑卒中发病率仍处于较高水平,应针对老年患者加强危险因素管理,尽早筛查2型糖尿病患者的合并症情况并采取针对性的预防控制措施。
中图分类号:
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