Objective：To analyze the awareness rate of obesity risk factors among children and adolescents, and to provide the basis for preventing their obesity. Methods: The students selected by using stratified cluster sampling method, were measured for the body height, weight, and waist circumference, and were surveyed for the awareness rate of obesity risk factors by using the questionnaire. The distribution characteristics of awareness on obesity risk factors were analyzed. Results: The awareness rate of obesity risk factors was 74.1%, and there was no significant difference on the awareness rate of obesity risk factors between the males ［71.2% (247/347)］ and females ［77.2% (257/333)］, the abdominal obesity students ［73.5% (202/275)］ and nonabdominal obesity students ［74.6% (302/405)］, the overall obesity students ［74.3% (185/249)］ and nonoverall obesity students ［74.0% (319/431)］, respectively. However, the awareness rate of obesity risk factors among the primary school students was 81.9% (272/332) that was higher than that of the middle school students ［66.7% (232/348)］ (P＜0.05). Compared with the primary school students, the nonawareness risk of obesity risk factors would increase among the middle school students (OR=2.23, P＜0.05). Conclusion:The overall awareness rate of obesity risk factors is not high among children and adolescents, especially among middle school students.