Objective: To investigate the choice of immediate breast reconstructive methods and asso-ciated outcomes after modified radical mastectomy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2009 to May 2019. The reconstructive methods were summarized, and the clinical outcomes and the safety of immediate breast reconstruction were evaluated. Results: One hundred and twenty-three patients were enrolled in this study. Different reconstructive methods were applied according to the clinical stage, the amount of skin removal, the size of contralateral breasts, the physical condition and the preference of the patients. Seventy-nine cases were performed with tissue expander/implant two-stage reconstruction, twenty-three cases received direct breast implant insertion, seven cases were applied for latissimus dorsi (LD) myocutaneous flap transfer combined with implant insertion, five cases were provided transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap transfer, six cases underwent tissue expander/implant combined with endoscopic LD muscle flap transfer, and three cases chose tissue expander/deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap transfer. The average follow-up time was (12.3±9.0) months (3.5-41.0 months). One patient with direct implant insertion had partial blood supply distur-bance of the mastectomy flap. One case had necrosis of distal end of TRAM zone Ⅳ. One patient with expander/DIEP reconstruction had partial fat liquefaction. And two cases had expander leakage at the end of the expansion period. The tumor local recurrence occurred in one patient, and the implant was finally removed. The outcomes were evaluated by Harris method, and 90.2% patients were good or above in shape evaluation. Among the patients with implant based reconstruction, there was no obvious capsular contracture, and most of the implants had good or fair mobility. Conclusion: It is safe and feasible of immediate breast reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy for appropriate cases. The reconstructive methods can be individualized according to the individual's different conditions. The appropriate reconstructive methods could achieve satisfactory results.