Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) >
Biological characteristics and translational research of dental stem cells
Received date: 2025-07-16
Online published: 2025-08-27
Supported by
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1100600)
the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program(2019ZT08Y485)
the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program(2019JC01Y182)
Copyright
Dental stem cells (DSCs), a distinct subset of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are isolated from dental tissues, such as dental pulp, exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament, and apical papilla. They have emerged as a promising source of stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration and autoimmune disorders. The main types of DSCs include dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). Each type exhibits distinct advantages: easy access via minimally invasive procedures, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and excellent ethical acceptability. DSCs have demonstrated outstanding clinical efficacy in oral and maxillofacial regeneration, and their long-term safety has been verified. In oral tissue regeneration, DSCs are highly effective in oral tissue regeneration for critical applications such as the restoration of dental pulp vitality and periodontal tissue repair. A defining advantage of DSCs lies in their ability to integrate with host tissues and promote physiological regeneration, which render them a better option for oral tissue regenerative therapies. Beyond oral applications, DSCs also exhibit promising potential in the treatment of systemic diseases, including type Ⅱ diabetes and autoimmune diseases due to their immunomodulatory effects. Moreover, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from DSCs act as critical mediators for DSCs' paracrine functions. Possessing regulatory properties similar to their parental cells, EVs are extensively utilized in research targeting tissue repair, immunomodulation, and regenerative therapy—offering a "cell-free" strategy to mitigate the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. Despite these advancements, standardizing large-scale manufacturing, maintaining strict quality control, and clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of DSCs and their EVs with recipient tissues remain major obstacles to the clinical translation of these treatments into broad clinical use. Addressing these barriers will be critical to enhancing their clinical applicability and therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, DSCs and their EVs represent a transformative approach in regenerative medicine, and increasing clinical evidence supports their application in oral and systemic diseases. Continuous innovation remains essential to unlocking the widespread clinical potential of DSCs.
Qianmin OU , Zhengshi LI , Luhan NIU , Qianhui REN , Xinyu LIU , Xueli MAO , Songtao SHI . Biological characteristics and translational research of dental stem cells[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2025 , 57(5) : 827 -835 . DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2025.05.003
获奖项目 2013年牙髓生物学优秀科学家奖(国际牙科研究协会)和2020年口腔生物医学杰出贡献奖(中华口腔医学会)
利益冲突 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
作者贡献声明 欧乾民、李政诗:文章撰写与修改;牛露菡、任倩慧、刘欣雨、毛学理:文献查阅以及文章撰写方面的协助;施松涛:文章策划与修改。
| 1 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
|
| 5 |
|
| 6 |
|
| 7 |
|
| 8 |
|
| 9 |
|
| 10 |
|
| 11 |
|
| 12 |
|
| 13 |
|
| 14 |
|
| 15 |
|
| 16 |
|
| 17 |
|
| 18 |
|
| 19 |
|
| 20 |
|
| 21 |
|
| 22 |
|
| 23 |
|
| 24 |
|
| 25 |
|
| 26 |
|
| 27 |
|
| 28 |
|
| 29 |
|
| 30 |
|
| 31 |
|
| 32 |
|
| 33 |
|
| 34 |
|
| 35 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 38 |
|
| 39 |
|
| 40 |
|
| 41 |
|
| 42 |
|
| 43 |
|
| 44 |
|
| 45 |
|
| 46 |
|
| 47 |
|
| 48 |
|
| 49 |
|
| 50 |
|
| 51 |
|
| 52 |
|
| 53 |
|
| 54 |
|
| 55 |
|
| 56 |
|
| 57 |
|
| 58 |
|
| 59 |
|
| 60 |
|
| 61 |
|
| 62 |
|
| 63 |
|
| 64 |
|
| 65 |
|
| 66 |
|
| 67 |
|
| 68 |
|
| 69 |
|
| 70 |
|
| 71 |
|
| 72 |
|
| 73 |
|
| 74 |
|
| 75 |
|
| 76 |
|
| 77 |
|
| 78 |
|
| 79 |
|
| 80 |
|
| 81 |
|
| 82 |
|
| 83 |
|
| 84 |
|
| 85 |
|
| 86 |
|
| 87 |
|
| 88 |
|
| 89 |
|
| 90 |
|
| 91 |
|
| 92 |
|
| 93 |
|
| 94 |
|
| 95 |
|
| 96 |
|
| 97 |
|
| 98 |
|
| 99 |
|
| 100 |
|
| 101 |
|
| 102 |
|
| 103 |
|
| 104 |
|
| 105 |
|
| 106 |
|
| 107 |
|
| 108 |
|
| 109 |
|
| 110 |
|
| 111 |
|
| 112 |
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |