Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) >
Differences in the formation mechanism of performance-based compensation in public hospitals with different administrative affiliations
Received date: 2026-02-26
Online published: 2026-04-11
Copyright
Objective: One of the explicit goals of public hospital salary reform is to gradually and steadily narrow the salary gap among public hospitals. This study, taking public hospitals at different administrative levels as its starting point, seeks to investigate the differences in the formation mechanisms of performance-based pay. Methods: From June to November 2024, a purposeful sampling strategy was adopted. A total of 43 in-depth interviews were conducted across 14 public hospitals located in a certain municipality directly under the central government. These hospitals covered three administrative tiers: the national level, the provincial and ministerial level, and the prefectural and municipal level. All interview data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Results: Through three-level coding, a total of seven core categories were extracted: external constraints, strategic positioning, market capabilities, business structure, incentive systems, management capabilities, and personnel characteristics. These seven factors jointly influenced performance-based salary distribution in public hospitals, but their specific manifestations and interactions showed marked differences across hospitals at different administrative levels. Specifically, public hospitals at higher administrative levels might be fully exempt from wage total amount constraints, or, even when operating within the total framework, still retained a considerably large distributable space. Relying on their high-level strategic positioning, these hospitals developed strong market capabilities and a business structure dominated by high-pricing medical services. They adopted a metric-based, incremental incentive model that allocated rewards directly to individual physicians, with the incentive scope covering the entire chain of medical care, education, and research. In contrast, public hospitals at lower administrative levels faced triple constraints: insufficient bargaining power in the healthcare market, limited and unstable patient sources, and a single compensation pathway heavily reliant on service volume. Their business structure was mainly composed of low-pricing projects with limited profitability. Consequently, they were forced to adopt a position-based performance model, where the incentive scope narrowed to basic medical quality, leaving these hospitals struggling with fragile incentives and persistent talent loss. Conclusion: Public hospitals at different administrative levels present structural differences in their mechanisms for determining performance-based salaries. During the top-down transmission of reform policies, the hierarchical institutional environment, together with stratified market capabilities and management capacities, acts as a multi-layer filter. This filtering process leads to heterogeneous policy performances across different hospital tiers.
Yuxin ZHANG , Yuhan LI , Telong BA , Zhisheng CAI , Xingyu LIU , Wen FENG . Differences in the formation mechanism of performance-based compensation in public hospitals with different administrative affiliations[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2026 , 58(3) : 464 -471 . DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2026.03.004
利益冲突 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
作者贡献声明 张雨欣:研究设计,论文撰写与修订;冯文:研究指导,论文总体把关与审定;李与涵、巴特龙、蔡知昇、刘星宇:实施现场调查,收集数据。所有作者均参与论文修改,并对最终文稿进行审读和确认。
| 1 |
张利江, 王克渠, 杨皓宇, 等. 国内公立医院医生薪酬与绩效关联研究[J]. 中国医院, 2025, 29 (12): 77- 82.
|
| 2 |
路畅, 张冬青, 刘欣玥, 等. 高质量发展要求下公立医院绩效薪酬分配方式改革探讨[J]. 中国卫生经济, 2025, 44 (8): 33- 35.
|
| 3 |
高瑞欣. 公立医院临床医师绩效评价体系及应用研究——以河北省Z医院为例[D]. 石家庄: 河北经贸大学, 2015.
|
| 4 |
张志强. 基于ISM的公立医院综合绩效影响因素研究[D]. 南京: 南京中医药大学, 2016.
|
| 5 |
韩静. 临床医师工作绩效现状及其影响因素研究[D]. 遵义: 遵义医学院, 2018.
|
| 6 |
吴毅, 吴刚, 马颂歌. 扎根理论的起源、流派与应用方法述评——基于工作场所学习的案例分析[J]. 远程教育杂志, 2016 (3): 32- 41.
|
| 7 |
陈向明. 扎根理论的思路和方法[J]. 教育研究与实验, 1999 (4): 58- 63.
|
| 8 |
沈春晗, 王珩, 李念念. 安徽省县级公立医院临床医生薪酬满意度状况及其影响因素[J]. 医学与社会, 2021, 34 (9): 106- 110.
|
| 9 |
任英丽. 探析绩效考核在县级公立医院人力资源管理中的应用[J]. 乡镇企业导报, 2024 (11): 197- 199.
|
| 10 |
陈荣荣, 王冉. 县级公立医院人才绩效管理问题研究——以X医院为例[J]. 中国管理信息化, 2024, 27 (23): 133- 136.
|
| 11 |
贾瑶瑶, 刘勇. 我国公立医院薪酬结构现状分析与探讨[J]. 中国医院管理, 2021, 41 (8): 40- 42.
|
| 12 |
黄明会. 重庆: "1234"法推动二级医院高质量发展[J]. 中国卫生, 2022 (1): 76- 77.
|
| 13 |
翁辰宇. 基层政府公共政策效能非正常衰减研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江工商大学, 2013.
|
| 14 |
唐雪. 医疗服务项目价格变动对公立医院薪酬的影响[J]. 销售与管理, 2025 (32): 123- 125.
|
| 15 |
陈云, 王金海. 内蒙古公立医院医务人员绩效薪酬的影响因素研究[J]. 医学与社会, 2023, 36 (1): 123- 128.
|
| 16 |
韩丽平, 叶苹. 公立医院人力资源管理中的绩效管理问题探研——以泰州市人民医院为例[J]. 泰州职业技术学院学报, 2025, 25 (2): 42- 43.
|
| 17 |
何贤慧, 李玲. 县级三级公立医院绩效考核的研究[J]. 中国管理信息化, 2023, 26 (16): 152- 154.
|
| 18 |
吴舒婷, 林孟波, 薛芳沁. 三级医院对口帮扶县级医院的实践探索[J]. 中国医疗管理科学, 2025, 15 (1): 103- 107.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |