Objective：To explore the levels of TRAP1 and its roles in patients with ovarian tumor, and investigate the correlation between the expressions of TRAP1 in ovarian tumor tissues and related clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: 38 health women, 50 cases of benign ovarian tumors and 114 cases of epithelial ovarian cancers were examined by Real -time RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that TRAP1 protein was mainly located in the cytoplasm, the protein and mRNA expression of TRAP1 in ovarian cancer were significantly increased compared with those of normal control and benign tumor (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA expression of TRAP1 was related to histological grade and pathologic types (P<0.05), but not age, clinical stages, lymphnode metastasis or omental metastasis, and the amount of ascites (P>0.05). Conclusion: The high expression of TRAP1 may play potential role in epithelial ovarian cancer occurrence and progress.

Salivary gland tumors are a group of the most common tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region with obvious characteristics of clinical, histopathologic, and therapeutic aspects. During the past 50 years, our research group performed a systemic study on salivary gland tumors including imaging diagnosis, fine needle aspiration cytology, FT-mid-IR fiber optics spectroscopy, histopathologic features and biological behaviour of the tumors, functional parotid surgery, and ¹²⁵I seed implant branchytherapy. More reasonable principles of management for various types of the tumors were put forward based on the histopathologic features of the tumors. The surgical techniques were modified and the postoperative complications were reduced obviously. Thus, the quality of life of the patients was improved greatly.

To investigate the influence of duration of gonadotropin (Gn) administration on the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: A total of 3 221 cycles of short protocol or antagonist protocol in our center from January 2012 to December 2012 were included in the retrospective study. According to the different duration of Gn administration, all patients were divided into group A (≤7 days, n=58) and group B (＞7 days, n=3 163). The different clinical parameters, such as age, duration of infertility, body mass index (BMI), basis estradiol (E ₂), folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), the number of antral follicle, the number of oocytes, endometrium thickness, fertility rate, good quality embryo rate, impatation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were compared between the two groups．Results: There was no significant difference in age, duration of infertility, BMI, basis E ₂, FSH, the number of antral follicle between the two groups. The number of oocytes in group A was fewer than that in group B ［（8.2±5.6）vs.（12.1±8.3），P=0.009］; endometrium thickness on the day of HCG in group A was thinner than that in group B ［（9.9±2.1） mm vs.（10.4±1.6） mm，P=0.002］. There was no significant difference in fertility rate, good quality embryo rate, impatation rate and clinical pregnancy rate (36.2% vs. 33.6%, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups in short protocol (33.3% vs. 27.2%, P> 0.05). In the same way, there was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups in antagonist protocol (37.5% vs. 36.6%, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Although short duration of gonadotropin administration in short protocol and antagonist protocol has association with fewer number of oocytes, it may not affect the outcome of IVF- ET.

Objective：To construct a new human chemotactic cytokine PSMP eukaryotic expression vector to express PSMP in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and to obtain the purified recombinant PSMP protein for its functional mechanism study. Methods: PSMP-myc/His fragment, cut from pcDNA3.1-PSMP-myc/His, was inserted into pMH3 expression vector. This expression vector was transfected into CHO cells by electroporation. Stable clone strains were selected by Geneticin resistance screening. The expressions of PSMP protein in the cell culture supernatant were measured by Dot blot and Western blot analysis. The monoclone was prepared from resistance screening polyclone by limiting dilution method. A large number of the engineering cells were cultured with serum-free medium and the protein in the cell culture supernatant was purified by nickel affinity chromatography. The purity of the PSMP protein was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The functional activity of the protein was analyzed in vitro by Boyden chamber chemotaxis assay. Results:The eukaryotic expression vector pMH3-PSMP was successfully constructed by inserting PSMP-myc/His gene into pMH3 vector. After transfection of CHO cells, a stable expression of the PSMP gene engineering cell strain was obtained through twice cloning. The purity of the recombinant PSMP protein was 95% higher with bioactivity. Conclusion: The eukaryotic expression vector of PSMP protein is successfully constructed. The stable expression of PSMP is first obtained in CHO cell strain. The recombinant PSMP protein has higher purity and bioactivity, which provides a useful tool for further study of the functions and mechanisms of PSMP.

Objective： To compare the clinical effects of direct anterior approach (DAA) and posterolateral piriformis-sparing approach (Mis-PLA) for minimally invasive surgery of total hip arthroplasty. Methods: The patients who had total hip arthroplasty from March 2015 to February 2016 were randomly divided into 2 groups: DAA group and Mis-PLA group. In the study, 43 patients (45 hips) were performed with total hip replacement via the direct anterior approach (DAA group). As comparison，39 patients (42 hips) were performed with total hip replacement via the posterolateral piriformis-sparing approach （Mis-PLAgroup） at the same period. DAA group：27 male patients (27 hips), and 16 female patients (18 hips)，with an average age of (57.4±7.3) years, preoperative Harris score (41.4±8.7), body mass index（BMI）(24.3±2.2) kg/m2; MisPLA group： 25 male patients (26 hips)，14 female patients (16 hips), with an average age of (59.2±7.3) years, preoperative Harris score (39.6±8.4), BMI (24.7±2.5) kg/m2. The length of incision， operation time， blood loss，postoperative Harris score were observed and specially the hip functional recovery was fully assessed. Results: (1) All the incisions healed by first intention. No complications were found in both groups. The length of incision：DAA group :（9.2±0.7） cm and Mis-PLA group :（9.5±0.6） cm. No statistical significant differences were found (P=0.053). The operation time：DAA group （74.3±10.1） min and Mis-PLA group（37.5±4.3） min, which showed statistically significant differences（P＜0.01）. Blood loss：DAA group（229.6±79.2） mL and Mis-PLA group (215.7±56.0) mL. Nostatistical significant differences were found （P=0.366）. (2) The patients in both groups were followed up for 6-12 months. The Harris hip scores for 6 weeks’ follow-up：(85.5±4.1) in DAA group and (79.0±4.4) in Mis-PLA group，which indicated statistically significant differences (P＜0.01).The Harris scores for the 6-month follow-up：(94.3±2.7) in DAA group and (95.2±1.9) in Mis-PLA group. No statistically significant differences were found (P=0.125). The basic daily hip function analysis for the 6-week follow-up：walking speed: no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups（P=0.298）; Climbing stairs: Mis-PLA group’ outcome was better than DAA group’s with statistical differences (P=0.047); Circling,sitting and wearing shoes and socks: outcomes in DAA group exceeded Mis-PLA group’s with statistically significant differences （P＜0.01，P=0.016，P＜0.01）. Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty through either DAA or Mis-PLA approaches could result in very satisfactory clinical effect. Comparing with DAA, Mis-PLA requires less operation time, shorter learning curve，which indicates that it is a relatively safer approach. The advantages of total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach lie in less positional limitation in the early stage of postoperative period，as well as a faster recovery of hip function.

Objective： To evaluate the rate of basicervical fractures and document their diagnosis and treatment. Methods: From January 2005 to May 2016, 28 basicervical fractures of the 832 trochanteric fractures were collected and evaluated. The patients were treated with multiple screws, dynamic hip screw (DHS), intramedullary nail. Via the operation time, postoperative hospitalization, loss of blood duration the operation, hidden blood loss, total blood loss, mean union time and the final follow-up Harris hip score, the characteristics of different internal fixations were compared and analyzed. Results: The incidence of basicervical fractures was 3.37% (28/832) in our study. In the intramedullary nail group (16 patients), the operation time was 55 (20,120) min, the postoperative hospitalization was 3(2, 7) d, the intraoperative blood loss was 50(5,100) mL, the hidden blood loss was 533.37 (376.19, 987.15) mL, and the total blood loss 627.35 (406.19, 1037.16) mL . The union time and final follow-up Harris score were 6 (3, 9) months and 90.25 (74,100) min. In the DHS group (8 patients), the operation time was 87.5 (65,115) min, the postoperative hospitalization was 5.5 (2, 17) d, the intraoperative blood loss was 100 (50,300) mL, the hidden blood loss was 278.11 (202.43, 849.97) mL, and the total blood loss 580.19 (368.55, 899.97) mL . The union time and final followup Harris score were 5.5 (4, 12) months and 85.5 (84, 87) min. In the multiple screws group (4 patients), the operation time was 47.5 (35, 75) min, the postoperative hospitalization was 5 (2, 12) d, the intraope-rative blood loss was 20 (2, 70) mL, the hidden blood loss was 150 (100.00, 412.01) mL, and the total blood loss 195.00 (120.00, 414.01) mL. The union time and final follow-up Harris score were 4 (4, 6) months and 80 (61, 97) min. The patients treated with multiple screws and intramedullary nail had a shorter operation time than the DNS group, but no obvious difference was found between the other two groups (P=0.367). Postoperative hospitalization had no significant difference among the three groups. The intraoperative bleeding was more in the DHS group, the other two groups had no significant difference (P=0.100). However, the hidden blood loss was more in the intramedullary nail group, the other two groups had no significant difference (P=0.134). The total blood loss in the intramedullary nail group was more than multiple screw group, similar to the DHS group (P=0.483). One patient treated with multiple screws underwent internal fixation failure three months after operation. The mean union time and final follow-up Harris scores had no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Through this study, we found that the incidence of basicervical fractures is low. Fractures with no shift can be confirmed by preoperative X-ray. For displaced fractures, preoperative CT + 3D reconstruction is recommended. Surgical treatment by closed reduction and internal fixation with DHS or intramedullary nail is shown to be very effective.

Objective:To establish and validate a new model of health belief model(HBM) combined with theory of planned behavior(TPB). Methods: Path analysis was applied to set up a new model predicting ironfortified soy sauce consumption behavior using baseline survey data among women in rural and urban areas in Beijing, and the model was validated in followup survey. Results: It was proved that health values had powerful direct effect on behavior identity and had relatively strong direct effect on attitudes towards behavior; behavior identity had strong effect on behavior barriers, mostly in a direct way, and on behavior intention in a direct or indirect way; control belief was an important external factor influencing behavior intention; behavior intention was the most direct and most important one of factors influencing actual behavior; and convenience to buy was an important external factor influencing actual behavior. Conclusion: The integrated model of TPB and HBM explains behavior better and may be attempted in other similar researches.

To evaluate the combined effect of premedication of parecoxib sodium and local infiltration of ropivocaine on postoperative shoulder pain and incisional pain in patients undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. Methods: In the study, 60 patients undergoing elective diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy were randomly allocated to two groups (each with 30 patients). The patients in group 1 were premedicated with 40 mg parecoxib sodium (diluted with 2 mL normal saline), and 0.5% ropivacaine (20 mL) were infiltrated around the incision site before establishment of CO2 pneumoperitoneum. The patients in group 2 received 2 mL normal saline intraveniously before anesthesia induction, and infiltration of 0.5% ropivacaine 20 mL were also applied as group 1. After anesthetic withdrawal, the patients’ postoperative anesthesia recovery time and the time point of opening eyes on verbal command were noted. The intensities of postoperative shoulder pain and incisional pain were evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery. The postoperative analgesic requirement was met by administration of tramadol. Results: Compared with group 2, the incidence of postoperative shoulder pain was less in group 1 (37% vs. 67%, P=0.020), and the occurence of severe pain was lower (4 vs. 11, P=0.037). The numerical rating scales (NRS) of right shoulder pain of group 1 were significantly reduced than those of group 2 at 12 h postoperatively ［0 (0, 2) vs. 0 (0, 8), P=0.012］. Left shoulder pain did not appear at 0 h and 2 h in both groups, while at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively, the NRS scores of group 1 were lower than those of group 2 ［0 (0, 1) vs. 0 (0, 8), P=0.026; 0 (0, 4) vs. 2 (0, 9), P=0.014］. The dynamic and static abdominal pain scores of group 1 were significantly decreased than those of group 2 in postanesthesia care unit (PACU) after surgery (P=0.001, P=0.005). The NRS scores of static abdominal pain of group 1 were significantly reduced than those of group 2 at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively (P=0.042, P=0.029). More patients in group 2 needed tramadol within 24 h postoperatively (8 vs. 0, P=0.002). Conclusion: Premedication of parecoxib sodium combined with local infiltration of ropinvocaine before incision could significantly reduce the postoperative shoulder pain and incisional pain as well as reduce opioid consumption in patients undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy.

Objective：To estimate the prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in treatment-naive individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China. Methods: Five electronic databases ［Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), Chinese ScienceTechnology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Data, and PubMed］ were searched for studies of HIV drug resistance in untreated individuals. Drug resistance data were abstracted then pooled using the random effect model. Subgroup analysis was done across sampling time, location, study population (mean age and infection status), and sample size. Results: Seventy-six studies were included for our meta-analysis (46 in Chinese, 30 in English). The pooled rates of drug resistance to total, to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), and to protease inhibitor (PI) were 4.7% (95%CI：4.0%-5.4%), 2.3% (95%CI：1.8%-2.8%), 1.8% (95%CI：1.3%-2.3%), and 1.4% (95%CI：1.1%-1.8%), respectively. All the rates before 2007 were higher than those for 2008 or later. Meanwhile, significant differences were found in the sample areas (P<0.05), in which, the rates in South-central and Southwest were both higher than 5%. The difference was complex between mean age and infection status subgroup, and we found the total prevalence in the group under 25 years and the newly infected, and confirmed group was lower than in the others. For sample size, all the rates in the group under 100 samples were higher than in the others, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV primary drug resistance in China was 4.7%, which stayed low, but was also close to the line set by WHO. Enhanced surveillance for drug resistance is necessary in high epidemic areas including the South-central and Southwest China whose prevalence has crossed the line.

Objective：To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) among the medical students. Methods: A total of 603 undergraduate students were selected from a medical school in Beijing using a stratified-cluster random-sampling strategy, who were assessed by using the Chinese version of PSQI. Then 171 subjects were randomly selected to retest about 1 month later, using a variety of psychometric properties to evaluate reliability and validity of the scale. Results: The average of global PSQI scores was 5.38±2.34, the overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of all the scale items was 0.734, the half-split reliability coefficient was 0.655; the test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.530 for global PSQI score, and there was no statistically significant difference before and after (P＞0.05). As for the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the two factor model (containing sleep efficiency factor and sleep quality factor) was the optimal model (goodness-of-fit index 0.949, root of the mean square residual 0.083, comparative fit index 0.699), and the factor loading for “hypnotic drug use” was the lowest. Using subjective sleep quality of the students as the criteria, the global PSQI score was statistically different between the criteria-based groups (P＜0.001). And the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve which was plotted using the global score of PSQI was 0.908 (95%CI: 0.880-0.936). Conclusion: The Chinese version of PSQI has been verified, having good reliability and validity among the medical students, and is an effective tool to investigate and screen the sleep quality of medical students in China.