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Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 21-27. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.01.005

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Effect of long-term resistance exercise on masseter muscle mechanical hyperalgesia in rats

Shu-dong YAN,Guang-ju YANG(),Si-yi MO,Yun LIU,Qiu-fei XIE()   

  1. Department of Prosthodontics,Center for Oral and Jaw Functional Diagnosis, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology,Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2018-10-11 Online:2019-02-18 Published:2019-02-26
  • Contact: Guang-ju YANG,Qiu-fei XIE E-mail:15201304340@163.com;xieqiuf@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7174364)

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Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term resistance exercise of hindlimb on mechan-ical hyperalgesia of bilateral masseter muscle in rats with or without occlusal interference. Methods: Six-teen male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-250 g) were randomly divided into four groups: the naive control group, na?ve exercise group, occlusal interference control group, and occlusal interference exercise group. The rats in occlusal interference groups (occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group) obtained occlusal interference with 0.4 mm-thick crowns bonded to the right maxillary first molars. The rats in exercise groups (na?ve exercise group and occlusal interference exercise group) performed squat-type resistance exercises for 30 minutes, once a day, 5 days/week, lasting for 14 weeks. Resistance exercise was recorded every day. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle were tested per week by use of modified electronic von-frey anesthesiometer. The rats were weighed per week. After the 14-week exercise, the muscle strength of the hindlimb was tested with a grip strength meter. Muscle (gastrocnemius and soleus) weight of bilateral hindlimb and length of bilateral fibula of the rats were obtained. The muscle-mass/body-mass ratios and muscle-mass/fibula-length ratios were calculated. Results: Between the na?ve control group and na?ve exercise group, there was no sig-nificant difference in the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle for the 0-4 weeks (P>0.05). During the 5-14 weeks, the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the rats in the na?ve exercise group were higher than those in the na?ve control group (P<0.05). Between the occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group, there was no significant difference in the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle for the 0-6 weeks (P>0.05). During the 7-14 weeks, the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of rats in the na?ve exercise group were higher than those in the occlusal interference control group (P<0.05). After the 14-week exercise, the body mass of the rats in non-exercise group (the na?ve control group and occlusal interference control group) were larger than those in exercise group [(462±6) g vs. (418±14) g, P<0.05]. And the muscle strength of hindlimb of the rats in exercise group were bigger than those in non-exercise group [(6.75±0.13) N vs. (5.41±0.15) N, P<0.01]. Conclusion: Long-term resistance exercise can increase mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the bilateral masseter muscle in rats with or without masseter muscle mechanical hyperalgesia.

Key words: Resistance exercise, Occlusal interference, Chronic masticatory muscle pain, Mechanical hyperalgesia

CLC Number: 

  • R78

Figure 1

Rat is taking resistance exercise Rats were trained to enter the acrylic cylinder through the door, place their head through the collar, and extend their hindlimbs to obtain a food pellet attached to a metal rod."

Figure 2

A grip strength meter (A) and the method of measurement (B) The forelimbs and body of rat was held in the left hand. The hindlimbs was placed on the metal mesh. When the base of the tail was pulled gently by the right hand, the hindlimbs of rat would grip the metal mesh. The force was recorded by a force transducer connected to the metal mesh."

Figure 3

Mechanical withdrawal threshold-time variation cure of bilateral masseter muscle(n=4)。。。 A, left masseter; B, right masseter."

Figure 4

Mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle A, left masseter; B, right masseter. * P<0.05, a significant difference between the naive control group and naive exercise group. ☆ P<0.01, a significant difference between the na?ve control group and na?ve exercise group. # P<0.05, a significant difference between the occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group. ★ P<0.01, a significant difference between the occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group. n=4."

Table 1

Body mass and muscle strength of hindlimbs after long-term resistance exercise"

Items Non-exercise group Exercise group P
Body mass/g, x?±sx? 462±6 418±14 0.017*
Muscle strength/N, x?±sx? 5.41±0.15 6.75±0.13 <0.001*

Table 2

The evaluation results of hindlimbs muscle"

Items Left hindlimb Right hindlimb
Non-exercise group Exercise group P Non-exercise group Exercise group P
Gast/mg 2 799±86 2 947±97 0.278 2 831±75 2 977±80 0.232
Sol/mg 232±12 254±9 0.148 250±12 253±9 0.843
Length of fibula/mm 27.13±0.40 26.25±0.45 0.204 27.15±0.42 26.25±0.47 0.207
Gast-mass/body-mass ratios/(mg/g) 6.07±0.19 7.06±0.15 0.001* 6.13±0.15 7.14±0.17 0.001*
Sol-mass/body-mass ratio/(mg/g) 0.50±0.02 0.61±0.01 <0.001* 0.54±0.02 0.61±0.01 0.018*
Gast-mass/fibula-length ratios/(mg/mm) 103±3 112±3 0.043* 104±2 113±3 0.035*
Sol-mass/fibula-length ratios/(mg/mm) 8.56±0.44 9.69±0.32 0.043* 9.22±0.45 9.65±0.31 0.447
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