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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 881-885. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.05.014

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Nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of teachers and students in a medical college in Beijing and their influencing factors

Shuang-jia WANG1,2,Ting-ting WANG3,Jun-bo WANG2,∆()   

  1. 1. Office of General Service, Peking University Health Science Center
    2. Peking University School of Public Health
    3. Office of International Cooperation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Online:2020-10-18 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Jun-bo WANG E-mail:bmuwjbxy@bjmu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Objective: To investigate nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of teachers and students in a medical college in Beijing and their influencine factors, and to provide evidence for nutrition education and promotion. Methods: The subjects of this study were teachers, as well as first-year and second-year graduate students, and first-year to third-year undergraduate students. The teachers and students were respectively sampled by stratified cluster sampling with equal proportion. t-test or ANOVA was used to compare the means between the groups, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) score. Results: The average score of nutrition knowledge was 5.7±1.5. The knowledge rate of nutrition was 57.3%. The average score of nutritional attitudes was 8.3±3.0. The mean nutritional behavior score was 5.1±2.0. The average nutritional KAP score was 19.1±4.6, with the teachers 19.9±5.2 higher than the students 18.9±4.5; the female 19.5±4.5 higher than the male 18.4±4.5; All the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of nutritional attitudes, nutritional behavior and total KAP scores of doctoral students were significantly higher than those of the undergraduate and postgraduate students (P<0.01). Conclusion: The nutrition attitudes of teachers and students is relatively correct, the nutrition knowledge needs to be further strengthened, and there are some unreasonable aspects in the nutrition behaviors. Gender, identity and degree are the main influencing factors of the nutrition score of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. It is necessary to carry out nutritional education in schools to improve the nutrition knowledge of teachers and students, correct bad eating habits, and promote the construction of healthy China action.

Key words: Nutritional status, Nutritional knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, Diet habits, College teachers and students

CLC Number: 

  • R151.4+2

Table 1

Correct nutrition-related knowledge rate of teachers and students"

Nutrition knowledge Number of
teachers and
students
answered
correctly		 Correct nutri-
tion-related
knowledge rate/%		 Number of
teachers
answered
correctly		 Correct nutri-
tion-related
knowledge rate/%		 Number of
students
answered
correctly		 Correct nutrition-related knowledge rate/%
Do you know Chinese Dietary Guidelines 478 57.00 68 44.44 410 59.77
The main types of food intake of Chinese Residents 727 86.60 120 78.43 607 88.48
Adult’s daily intake of salt/g 278 42.50 57 45.97 221 41.70
Adult’s daily intake of cooking oil/g 281 33.50 52 34.00 229 33.38
Energy supply ratio of three meals a day 648 86.10 115 85.19 533 86.25
The main food source of vitamin C in human body 807 96.20 142 92.81 665 96.94
Vitamins that may be lacking in night blindness 685 81.60 103 67.32 582 84.84
The main nutrients in milk and other dairy products 569 67.80 82 53.59 487 70.99
The main source of energy required by the human body 741 88.30 110 71.90 631 91.98
The right amount of water for adults to drink per day 239 28.50 39 25.49 200 29.15

Table 2

Comparison of nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) scores between teachers and students(x-±s)"

Identity n Knowledge score Attitude score Behavior score Total KAP score
Teacher 153 5.0±1.7 8.6±3.4 6.3±1.7 19.9±5.2
Student 686 5.9±1.5 8.2±2.9 4.8±1.9 18.9±4.5
t - -6.06 1.33 8.32 2.20
P - <0.01 0.18 <0.01 0.03

Table 3

Comparison of nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) scores of students in different grades (x-±s)"

Grade n Knowledge score Attitude score Behavior score Total KAP score
Undergraduate 357 5.8±1.4 7.9±3.0 4.6±2.0 18.3±4.7
Freshman 103 5.6±1.4 8.2±2.9 4.5±2.2 18.4±4.7
Sophomore 139 5.9±1.3 7.5±3.2 4.9±2.0 18.2±4.7
Junior 115 5.9±1.4 8.0±2.8 4.4±1.9 18.3±4.6
Master's degree 163 5.9±1.6 8.3±3.1 4.8±1.8 19.0±4.6
First year master 89 6.1±1.6 8.5±2.6 4.8±1.9 19.4±4.4
Second year master 74 5.5±1.6 8.1±3.6 4.9±1.7 18.5±4.9
Doctor’s degree 98 6.1±1.5 8.9±2.4*# 5.2±1.8*# 20.2±3.6*#
First year doctor 55 5.9±1.3 8.8±2.7 5.3±1.8 20.0±3.6
Second year doctor 43 5.5±1.7 9.5±1.8 5.3±1.9 20.4±3.6
Third year doctor 68 6.5±1.4 8.6±2.4 5.0±1.8 20.2±3.5
F 1.9 7.1 5.1 10.2
P >0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Mean square 2.1 8.4 3.8 19.5
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