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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 1115-1121. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.06.018

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Characteristics of gastric microbiota in children with Helicobacter pylori infection family history

WANG Zi-jing,LI Zai-ling()   

  1. Department of Pediatric, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2019-12-11 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2021-12-13
  • Contact: Zai-ling LI E-mail:topbj163@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    Construction of Technical Platform for Clinical Evaluation of Children’s Demonstrative New Drugs(2017ZX09304029)

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Abstract:

Objective: To explore the characteristics of gastric microbiota in children with and without (Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori) infection who had family history of H. pylori infection. Methods: Mucosal biopsy samples of the gastric corpus and gastric antrum were collected during the gastroscope. And the gastric mucosa flora’s information of the two groups of children were obtained after sample DNA extraction, PCR amplification of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) V3-V4 region, high-throughput sequencing and data processing. All the samples with family history of H. pylori infection were divided into two groups, the H. pylori infection group (n=18) and the H. pylori non-infection group (n=24). Then the α-, β-diversity and bacteria abundance of the gastric microbiota were compared between the H. pylori infection and non-infection groups at different taxonomic levels. The differential microbiota was found out by LEfSe analysis, and then the function of microbiota predicted using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) method. Results: There was statistically significant difference in α-diversity (P<0.05) between the two groups, indicating that the H. pylori non-infection group had higher microbial richness than the H. pylori infection group. Moreover, the β-diversity was significantly different as well (P<0.05), which meant that the microbiota composition of the two groups was different. At the phyla level, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria were dominant in the two groups. At the genus level, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Streptococcus, and Neisseria, etc. were dominant in the H. pylori non-infected group. Meanwhile, Helicobacter and Haemophilus etc. were dominant in the H. pylori infected group. LEfSe analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroides etc. at the genus level in the H. pylori non-infected group was significantly higher than that in the H. pylori infected group. Functional prediction showed that Bacteroides were positively correlated with amino acid and vitamin metabolism, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and ansamycin synthesis pathway. Conclusion: The gastric microbiota between H. pylori positive and H. pylori negative in children with family history of H. pylori infection is significant different. Some gastric microbiota, such as Bacteroides, may have a potential relationship with H. pylori infection in children.

Key words: Gastrointestinal microbiome, Child, Helicobacter pylori, Medical history taking

CLC Number: 

  • R725.7

Figure 1

The alpha and beta diversity index of H. pylori positive and negative group with family history A, Shannon index; B, Simpson index; C, Anosim index. In Shannon and Simpson index, each box plot represents the minimum value, interquartile range, median, and maximum value. In Anosim index, the abscissa represents different groups and the ordinate represents the rank. If the Between group is higher than other groups, it indicates that the intra-group difference is greater than the inter-group difference. If R>0, indicating that the intra-group difference is greater than the inter-group. If R<0, indicates that intra-group difference is greater than inter-group. N-FH, H. pylori negative with family history; P-FH, H. pylori positive with family history."

Figure 2

Profiling histogram of H. pylori positive and negative group with family history at different classification levels A, phylum level; B, genus level."

Table 1

Microbiota abundance of H. pylori positive and negative group with family history"

Items % Items %
Phylum level Genus level
Positive Positive
Proteobacteria 74.16 Helicobacter 61.89
Firmicutes 10.89 Haemophilus 5.16
Bacteroidetes 10.13 Prevotella 5.16
Actinobacteria 2.05 Neisseria 5.11
Fusobacteria 1.89 Streptococcus 5.10
Negative Negative
Firmicutes 33.46 Bacteroides 9.10
Bacteroidetes 32.09 Prevotella 8.25
Proteobacteria 18.99 Escherichia 5.33
Actinobacteria 4.74 Streptococcus 4.00
Fusobacteria 3.51 Rothia 3.75

Figure 3

Differential microbiota analysis of H. pylori positive and negative group with family history A, cladogram for bacterial abundance. Nodes of different colors represent the microbiome that plays an important role in the group. Yellow nodes represent the non-important microbiome. B, histogram of the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores computed for differentially abundant bacterial taxa until class level. N-FH, H. pylori negative with family history; P-FH, H. pylori positive with family history."

Figure 4

Function analysis of H. pylori positive and negative group with family history A, histogram of the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores for divergent gene functions between H. pylori positive and negative patients. B, correlations among metabolic pathways and various microbial taxa. The labels along the top of the figure outline the predicted metabolic pathways. Labels on the left show the different species. The bar on the right shows correlations, with red indicating a positive correlation and blue indicating a negative correlation. N-FH, H. pylori negative with family history; P-FH, H. pylori positive with family history. MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin."

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