Abstract: Sympathetic nervous system is excessively activated under strong stress, which leads to a significant rise of plasma catecholamine concentration, then activates the βadrenoceptors (βARs) in the heart and mediates the development of cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Meanwhile, chronic βARs activation has been proved to be involved in cardiac sterile inflammation by mediating the synthesis and secretion of cytokines, which subsequently mediates cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. This review summarizes a number of important proinflammatory cytokines involved in the process of cardiac pathological remodeling under chronic adrenergic stimulation and the application of neutralizing antibodies on specifically targeting cytokines in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: Cytokines, Receptors, adrenergic, beta, Heart failure, Ventricular remodeling