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Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 100-104. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.01.018

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Effects of loupes and microscope on laminate veneer preparation

Yan-jun GE,Xiao-qiang LIU()   

  1. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2018-10-11 Online:2019-02-18 Published:2019-02-26
  • Contact: Xiao-qiang LIU E-mail:liuxiaoqiang@bjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(81701003);and the Program for Educational Reform of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology(2017-PT-01)

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Abstract:

Objective: To assess and compare the effects of loupes and microscope on laminate veneer preparation of the first practitioner from the aspects of efficiency, quality and accuracy of preparation, and preference. Methods: Twenty young prosthodontists from the Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were recruited into this study, which was prospective, single blind, self-control trials. The participants had no experience of using dental magnification devices. They prepared laminate veneers in the artificial dental model, under routine visual field (control group), 2.5× headwear loupes (loupes group), and 8× operating microscope (microscopic group) by turning. The time for tooth preparation was recorded. Thereafter, subjective assessments of efficiency, quality of preparation and preference were performed by themselves using visual analogue score (VAS). Expert assessments of quality and accuracy of preparation were performed by two professors using stereomicroscope and digital technique respectively. Results: In terms of efficiency, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 7.15±1.73, 8.10±0.91 and 5.40±2.04, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The time of tooth preparation for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group was (430.10±163.04) s, (393.90±157.27) s and (441.95±164.18) s, respectively. There was significant diffe-rence between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The loupes group was more efficient than the microscopic group. In terms of the quality of preparations, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 6.55±2.09, 7.85±0.99 and 6.25±1.77, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The expert evaluations for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 12.20±1.67, 12.50±1.70 and 11.35±2.60, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The loupes group had higher quality than the microscopic group. In terms of the accuracy of preparations, the control group, loupes group and microscopic group of incisal 1/3 were (0.107±0.097) mm, (0.142±0.118) mm and (0.123±0.087) mm, respectively, of middle 1/3 were (0.128±0.073) mm, (0.113±0.105) mm and (0.125±0.077) mm, respectively, and of cervical 1/3 were (0.075±0.054) mm, (0.068±0.044) mm and (0.058±0.047) mm, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). In terms of the preference, the subjective scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 6.55±2.31, 8.60±1.10 and 5.80±2.07, respectively. There was significant difference between the loupes group and microscopic group (P<0.05). The participants had the highest preference for loupes. Conclusion: For the first practitioners, loupes is better than microscope for laminate veneer preparation.

Key words: Dental equipment, Dental instruments, Tooth preparation, Loupes, Microscopy

CLC Number: 

  • R783.2

Table 1

The criteria of preparation for porcelain veneer"

Parameter Excellent (3 points) Compromised (2 points) Standard not met (1 point)
Facial reduction Optimal reduction (incisal third: 0.7 mm, middle third: 0.5 mm, cervical third: 0.3 mm) Moderately over-reduced or under-reduced Severely over-reduced or under-reduced
Surface smoothness Fine diamond texture Catches with explorer tip Horizontal or vertical steps
Cervical finish line configuration Chamfer is continuous and well-defined Chamfer is moderately nonconti-nuous or moderately lack of definition Chamfer is noncontinuous or lack of definition or aggressively prepared
Cervical finish line position Placed to specified target: 0.5-1.0 mm supragingivally Even with gingival margin or <0.5 mm supragingivally >1.0 mm supragingivally or subgingivally
Interproximal finish line Mesial and distal finish lines are continuous and well-defined, extended to, but do not open the interproximal contact region Mesial or distal finish line is mo-derately noncontinuous or mode-rately lack of definition, at interproximal surface but do not extend to contact region Mesial and distal finish lines are noncontinuous or lack of definition or aggressively prepared, at labial surface or open the contact

Figure 1

Measurement points for measuring facial reduction"

Table 2

Results of tooth preparation under three conditions"

Group Efficiency of preparation Quality of preparation Accuracy of preparation/mm Preference
Subjective
visual
analogue score		 Time/s Subjective visual
analogue score		 Expert
evaluation		 Incisal third Middle third Cervical third Subjective
visual
analogue score
Control 7.15±1.73a 430.10±163.04ab 6.55±2.09ab 12.20±1.67ab 0.107±0.097a 0.128±0.073a 0.075±0.054a 6.55±2.31a
Loupes 8.10±0.91a 393.90±157.27a 7.85±0.99a 12.50±1.70a 0.142±0.118a 0.113±0.105a 0.068±0.044a 8.60±1.10b
Microscopic 5.40±2.04b 441.95±164.18b 6.25±1.77b 11.35±2.60b 0.123±0.087a 0.125±0.077a 0.058±0.047a 5.80±2.07a
P <0.001 0.017 0.018 0.015 0.299 0.637 0.467 <0.001
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