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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (1): 99-105. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2024.01.016

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Sealing effect of GuttaFlow2 in curved root canals

Peiyao HE,Xudong BAO*()   

  1. Department of Cariology and Endodoontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2021-04-14 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2024-02-06
  • Contact: Xudong BAO E-mail:baoxudong@vip.163.com
  • Supported by:
    New Clinical Technology Project in Peking University Hospital of Stomatology(PKUSSNCT-18A06)

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Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the sealing ability of GuttaFlow2 single cone obturation in curved root canals. Methods: (1) Slight, moderate and severe curved 3D printed root canals were made. After instrumentation, these samples were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10) according to different root canal filling techniques: GuttaFlow2 single cone group (GF2) and AH-Plus warm vertical compation group (WVC). All the samples were sectioned at 2 mm to apex (the apical of the root), 4 mm, 6 mm to apex (the middle of the root) and 8 mm to apex (the coronal of the root). The filling void areas were observed by stereomicroscope, and the percentages of void areas in each section were calculated by ImageJ 1.52a. (2) Forty-eight roots of extracted adult molars were selected. After instrumentation, they were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 8): GF2 group and WVC group. Before root canal filling, the sea-lers were mixed with Rhodamine B dye for visualization under confocal laser scanning microscope. All samples were sectioned at 2 mm to apex (the apical of the root), 5 mm to apex (the middle of the root) and 8 mm to apex(the coronal of the root). Then, the percentages of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules in each section were calculated. Results: At the apical of the root, there were no obvious voids in slight, moderate and severe curved canals in the GF2 group and the WVC group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). At the middle of the root, there was no significant difference in the percentages of void areas between the two filling methods, but at the coronal of the root, there were more voids in the slight curved root canal in the GF2 group than in the WVC group, and the difference was significant (P = 0.009). The percentages of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules of slight, moderate and severe curved root canals in the GF2 group were 36.10%, 55.80%, 65.08%, respectively. And they were all higher than those in the WVC group (15.78%, 20.70%, 15.61%), respectively, the difference between the two groups was significant (P = 0.001). At the middle of the root, the percentages of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules of slight and moderate curved root canals in GF2 group were also significantly higher than those in the WVC group (P = 0.001). At the coronal of the root, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: GuttaFlow2 filling technique has the same sealing effect on the root canal at the apical and middle of the root as the warm vertical technique, but has a better sealing effect on the dentin tubules, especially for severe curved root canal.

Key words: Root canal filling materials, Curved root canal, Single cone obturation, Warm vertical compaction

CLC Number: 

  • R781.3

Figure 1

Slight, moderate and severe curved root canal model before trimming A, slight curve; B, moderate curve; C, severe curve."

Figure 2

3D printed slight, moderate and severe curved root canal model after trimming A, slight curve; B, moderate curve; C, severe curve."

Figure 3

Representative stereomicroscope images from each group at 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm levels to apex (×40) GF2, GuttaFlow2 single cone group; WVC, warm vertical compation group."

Table 1

Percentage volume of voids (%) from each group at 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm levels to apex"

Curved root canals 2 mm 4 mm
GF2 WVC P GF2 WVC P
Slight 0 (0-0.23) 0 (0-0) 0.317 0.02 (0-0.31) 0 (0-0.21) 0.398
Moderate 0 (0-0.43) 0 (0-0.46) 0.903 0 (0-0.21) 0 (0-0.14) 0.344
Severe 0 (0-0.49) 0 (0-0.44) 0.890 0.05 (0-0.45) 0 (0-0.19) 0.671
P 0.648 0.303 0.719 0.495
Curved root canals 6 mm 8 mm
GF2 WVC P GF2 WVC P
Slight 0.14 (0-0.31) 0 (0-0.36) 0.571 0.25 (0-0.71) 0 (0-0.20) ＜0.05
Moderate 0.08 (0-0.48) 0 (0-0.37) 0.305 0.23 (0-0.66) 0.12 (0-0.55) 0.289
Severe 0.23 (0-0.65) 0.12 (0-0.64) 0.112 0.31 (0-0.88) 0.17 (0-0.75) 0.203
P 0.420 0.974 0.938 0.408

Figure 4

Representative confocal laser scanning microscopic images from each group at apical, middle and coronal thirds (×60) GF2, GuttaFlow2 single cone group; WVC, warm vertical compation group."

Table 2

Percentage of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules (%) at apical, middle and coronal thirds under different degrees of curvature in each group"

Curved root canals Apical Middle Coronal
GF2 WVC GF2 WVC GF2 WVC
Slight 36.10
(31.29-51.50)		 15.78#
(4.28-26.04)		 79.81
(69.40-96.34)		 44.26#
(17.51-49.90)		 83.36
(73.91-99.67)		 85.71
(63.55-87.91)
Moderate 55.80
(37.08-70.30)		 20.70#
(5.81-30.13)		 62.75
(50.73-84.04)		 28.87#
(10.63-45.73)		 84.05
(55.80-93.32)		 58.97
(47.39-69.93)
Severe 65.08*
(52.74-87.72)		 15.61#
(7.54-41.78)		 72.15
(67.11-99.10)		 66.75
(41.57-76.80)		 93.34
(72.31-99.84)		 95.80
(64.20-99.16)
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