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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (1): 106-110. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2024.01.017

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Preliminary evaluation of chin symmetry with three dimentional soft tissue spatial angle wireframe template

Liang LYU1,Mingjin ZHANG1,Aonan WEN2,3,Yijiao ZHAO2,3,Yong WANG2,3,Jing LI1,Gengchen YANG1,Dawei LIU1,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digi-tal Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Center of Digital Dentistry, Faculty of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digi-tal Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Beijing 100081, China
    3. Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2023-10-08 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2024-02-06
  • Contact: Dawei LIU E-mail:liudawei@bjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinam(81970909);the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinam(82271009);Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L222116);China Oral Disease Foundation(A2021-057);National Multidisciplinary Cooperative Diagnosis and Treatment Capacity Building Project of Peking University School of Stomatology(PKUSSNMP-202020)

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Abstract:

Objective: To develop an efficient and robust method based on three dimensional facial landmarks for evaluating chin region asymmetry at the soft tissue level and to compare it with the traditional mirror-overlap analysis method in order to test its availability. Methods: Standard symmetrical face was used for mental tubercle coordinate transformation so as to filter soft tissue three dimensional spatial angle and construct corresponding three dimensional spatial angle wireframe template. Ten patients aged 12-32 years with clinical chin region asymmetry diagnosis at the Department of Orthodontics of Peking University Hospital of Stomatology from November 2020 to November 2021 were randomly selected. Three dimensional soft tissue face scan data of the patients were collected by three dimensional face scanner and the landmark points were automatically determined by the Meshmonk non-rigid registration algorithm program, and in this way, the asymmetric three dimensional spatial angle wireframe template and corresponding spatial angle parameters were generated. Mirror-overlap analysis of face scan data was also performed in Geomagic Studio 2015 software and deviation color maps were generated. This study took mirror-overlap analysis as the gold standard method, the response rate of chin region asymmetry was eva-luated by the outcomes of the mirror-overlap analysis and three dimensional spatial angle wireframe template analysis. Results: Nine three dimensional spatial angle indicators were selected through coordinate transformation, and the response rate was calculated using mirror-overlap analysis as the gold standard method. Among these ten selected patients, the response rate of the total chin region asymmetry was 90% (9/10). Using the deviation value of mirror-overlap analysis as a reference, the response rate of chin region asymmetry in the X dimension was 86%, the response rate of chin region asymmetry in the Y dimension was 89%, and the response rate of chin region asymmetry in the Z dimension was 100%. Conclusion: The three dimensional soft tissue spatial angle wireframe template proposed in this study has some feasibility in evaluating chin region asymmetry at the soft tissue level, and its ability to recognize asymmetry separately in the three dimensional direction is better than the mirror-overlap analysis method, and the indicators recognition rate still needs to be further improved.

Key words: Three-dimensional, Chin asymmetric, Aesthetic, Anthropometric analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R783.5

Figure 1

Landmarks of three-dimensional spatial angles templates G, glabella; STN, soft tissue nasion; STO, soft tissue pronasale; Sn, subnasale; Ch, cheilion; Mt, soft tissue mental tubercle; Ls, sublabrale inferior; Gn, gnathion; Tr, tragus."

Figure 2

Three-dimensional coordinate translation transformation of soft tissue mental tubercle A, front view; B, lateral view. Green arrow indicates the horizontal translation of the Mt coordinate by 5 mm, light blue arrow indicates the vertical translation by 5 mm, and dark blue arrow indicates the sagittal translation by 5 mm. Mt, soft tissue mental tubercle."

Figure 3

Process of three-dimensional image mirror and overlap analysis A, original image; B, mirrored image; C, overlapped image after alignment; D, deviation color map."

Figure 4

Histogram of three-dimensional transformation results Zg, zygion; Go, soft tissue gonion; Mt, soft tissue mental tubercle; Tr, tragus; Gn, gnathion; Ch, cheilion; Ex, exocanthion; Sal, soft tissue alare; G, glabella; STO, soft tissue pronasale; Sn, subnasale; STN, soft tissue nasion."

Figure 5

Schematic diagram of mental overlap analysis"

Table 1

Comparison of deviation recognitize ability between mirror-overlap analysis and three dimensional spatial angle wireframe template"

Dimension X Y Z Total deviation
Angle template, n 6 8 8 9
Mirror-overlap, n 7 9 8 10
Recognition rate 86% 89% 100% 90%
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