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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 913-918. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.05.020

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Evaluation of effect of oral health intervention on children in Shaoshan area of Hunan province

Zi-yi ZHANG1,Bin XIA1,∆(),Ming-ming XU2,Yi-ping LI3,Zhan-gui TANG4,Yong-qing CHEN5   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Department of Special Care, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijng 100081, China
    3. Department of Prosthodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Hunan Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
    4. Surgical Department, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Hunan Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
    5. Department of Internal Medicine, Hunan Shaoshan People’s Hospital, Shaoshan 411399, Hunan, China
  • Received:2018-09-27 Online:2020-10-18 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Bin XIA E-mail:summerinbeijing@vip.sina.com
  • Supported by:
    2013 Technology and People Benefit Special Project(2013GS430101)

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Abstract:

Objective: To understand the oral health status of children aged 3-12 in Shaoshan area of Hunan province and to evaluate the role of oral health educations based on community such as fluoride varnish, oral hygiene introduction in improving the oral health of children in the area so as to gain expe-rience. Methods: The study used cluster sampling to select 3 kindergartens and 2 primary schools in different economic development areas of Shaoshan. Oral health status survey and interventions were conducted in December 2014 and September 2016, respectively. The average debris index, decayed missing filled teeth (deciduous teeth: dmft; permanent teeth: DMFT), and caries prevalence rate of children aged 3-6 years and 6-12 years were compared. At the same time, children aged 5 and 12 were used as representative populations to compare the indices as listed before and the caries prevalence rate of the first permanent molar in 12-year-old children was compared as well. Finally, health economic analysis was carried out based on the 2 years’ result. Results: In this study, 992 children and 896 children in 2014 and 2016 were included respectively. As for children aged 3-6 years, the average debris index and dmft in 2016 were significantly less than that in 2014 (P<0.001, P<0.001), and the difference of DMFT was not significant (P=0.419). Children aged 6-12 years showed the same result, the average debris index and dmft in 2016 were significantly less than those in 2014 (P<0.001, P=0.013), and the difference in DMFT was not significant (P=0.674). 173 and 179 5-year-old children were included in 2014 and 2016 respectively, and the dmft showed significant difference (P=0.038); the caries prevalence rate was 75.7% and 71.5%, respectively, which was also not significant (P=0.370). With respect to the 12-year-old children, 65 and 104 children were included and the differences in dmft and DMFT were not significant (P=0.133, P=0.171). The caries prevalence of the first permanent molar in the 12-year-old children was 36.9% and 26.9%, whose difference was not significant (P=0.171). Conclusion: The application of fluoride varnish and oral health education can significantly reduce the dmft of children aged 3-12 years in Shaoshan area and significantly improve the oral hygiene status. DMFT, the caries prevalence rate of 5-year-old children’s deciduous teeth and 12-year-old children’s first permanent molar showed a decline.

Key words: Oral health, Fluorides, DMF index, Child, Cross-sectional studies

CLC Number: 

  • R788.1

Table 1

Basic information of children investigated in 2014 and 2016"

Group Number Gender, n (%) Age/years, x-±s
Male Female
Year 2014 992 537 (54.1) 455 (45.9) 6.97±2.18
Year 2016 896 516 (57.6) 380 (42.4) 6.91±2.67
F or χ2 value χ2=2.280 F=0.473
P value 0.131 0.636

Figure 1

Age distribution of children included in 2014 and 2016"

Table 2

Comparison of the results of the two surveys in 2014 and 2016"

Group Number Debris index, x-±s dmft, M (P25, P75) DMFT, M (P25, P75) Decayed or not, n (%)
Decayed None decayed
Year 2014 992 1.82±0.49 3 (0, 6) 0 (0, 0) 748 (75.4) 244 (24.6)
Year 2016 896 1.58±0.55 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0) 646 (72.1) 250 (29.8)
F, Z or χ2 value F=9.842 Z=-3.858 Z=-0.809 χ2=2.662
P value <0.001 <0.001 0.419 0.103

Figure 2

Number distribution of dmft and DMFT in children included in 2014 dmft, decayed missing filled teeth of deciduous teeth; DMFT, decayed missing filled teeth of permanent teeth. "

Figure 3

Number distribution of dmft and DMFT in children included in 2016 dmft, decayed missing filled teeth of deciduous teeth; DMFT, decayed missing filled teeth of permanent teeth. "

Table 3

Comparison of the results of two surveys in 2014 and 2016 for children aged 3-6 years and 6-12 years"

Group Age of 3-6 years Age of 6-12 years
Number Debris index, x-±s dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)		 Number Debris index,
x-±s		 dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)
Year 2014 373 1.69±0.48 3 (0, 6) 0 (0, 0) 619 1.89±0.48 3 (0, 5) 0 (0, 0)
Year 2016 397 1.45±0.54 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0) 499 1.69±0.54 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0)
F or Z value F=6.838 Z=-2.735 Z=-1.032 F=6.552 Z=-2.371 Z=-0.038
P value <0.001 0.006 0.302 <0.001 0.018 0.969

Table 4

Comparison of the two surveys for children aged 5 years and 12 years in 2014 and 2016"

Group 5-year-old 12-year-old
Number dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 Caries prevalence rate
of deciduous teeth		 Number dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)		 Caries prevalence rate
of first permanent molar
Year 2014 173 3 (0, 6) 75.7% 65 1 (0, 2) 0 (0, 1) 36.9%
Year 2016 179 2 (0, 4) 71.5% 104 1 (0, 2) 0 (0, 1) 26.9%
Z or χ2 value Z=-2.075 χ2=0.804 Z=-1.243 Z=-1.502 χ2=1.878
P value 0.038 0.370 0.214 0.133 0.171
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