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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 653-658. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.04.005

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Quality of life and related factors in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

WANG Jia-wen1,2,LIU Jing-chao2,MENG Ling-feng2,ZHANG Wei2,LIU Xiao-dong2,ZHANG Yao-guang1,2,Δ()   

  1. 1. Department of Urology, Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
    2. National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital Continence Center, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2021-03-08 Online:2021-08-18 Published:2021-08-25
  • Contact: Yao-guang ZHANG E-mail:zhang003887@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC2002200)

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Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), to compare the difference between IC/BPS and overactive bladder (OAB) pain syndrome, and to explore the related factors affecting the quality of life of IC/BPS patients. Methods: The demographic data of female outpatients with IC/BPS in Beijing Hospital and other medical centers in China were collected. The quality of life of the patients was investigated by multi-angle questionnaires and compared with the data of OAB patients. According to the influence degree of quality of life, the patients with IC/BPS were divided into mild-moderate group and severe group. Results: In this study, 109 patients with IC/BPS were included. The average age was (46.4±14.3) years and the average course of disease was (39.4±51.6) months. Compared with the OAB patients, the patients in IC/BPS group had a longer average course of disease (P=0.008), a lower proportion of the patients of first visit for the disease (P<0.001), a higher score of the American Urological Association symptom index (AUA-SI) (P<0.001), a lower body mass index (BMI) ratio (P=0.016), and a lower incidence of constipation (P=0.006). IC/BPS had the greatest impact on family life, followed by social activity. The score of IC/BPS related symptoms on family life was significantly higher than that of the OAB group (P=0.003). The top three symptoms of the IC/BPS patients were pain (45%), frequency (28%) and urgency (17%). The score of quality of life in the IC/BPS patients was significantly higher than that in the OAB patients (P<0.001). Caffeine intake (P=0.034) and constipation (P=0.003) might be the factors influencing the quality of life of the patients with IC/BPS. Conclusion: IC/BPS has a great influence on the quality of life of patients. Caffeine intake and constipation may be related factors affecting the quality of life of patients with IC/BPS. Urologists should recommend changes in diet and lifestyle to reduce symptoms and improve the patients’ quality of life.

Key words: Interstitial cystitis, Urinary bladder, overactive, Quality of life, Risk factors

CLC Number: 

  • R694

Table 1

Comparisons of demographic characteristics between IC/BPS and OAB patients"

Items IC/BPS (n=109) OAB (n=461) P value
Age/years, $\bar{x}±s$ 46.4±14.3 46.2±13.1 0.852
Disease duration/months, $\bar{x}±s$ 39.4±51.6 27.0±40.8 0.008
BMI, $\bar{x}±s$ 22.1±2.8 22.9±3.0 0.016
Smoking, n (%) 0.315
No 108 (99.1) 446 (96.7)
Yes 1 (0.9) 15 (3.3)
Drinking, n (%) 0.759
No 106 (97.2) 453 (98.3)
Yes 3 (2.8) 8 (1.7)
Caffeine intake, n (%) 0.956
No 103 (94.5) 435 (94.4)
Yes 6 (5.5) 26 (5.6)
Constipation, n (%) 0.006
No 91 (83.5) 325 (70.5)
Yes 18 (16.5) 136 (29.5)
Marital status, n (%) 0.090
Married 98 (89.9) 435 (94.4)
Unmarried or divorced 11 (10.1) 26 (5.6)
First visit due to LUTS, n (%) <0.001
No 29 (26.6) 21 (4.6)
Yes 80 (73.4) 440 (95.4)
OABSS scores, $\bar{x}±s$ 7.1±3.2 6.6±3.2 0.210
AUA-SI scores, $\bar{x}±s$ 14.5±6.7 11.7±5.9 <0.001

Table 2

Effects of IC/BPS and OAB on different aspects of life"

Items IC/BPS (n=109), M (P25, P75) OAB (n=461), M (P25, P75) P value
Social activities 4 (3, 5) 4 (3, 5) 0.165
Work 2 (1, 3) 2 (1, 4) 0.116
Sports 2 (0, 3) 2 (1, 4) 0.057
Daily life 4 (4, 5) 4 (3, 5) 0.003
Sexual life 2 (0, 4) 2 (1, 4) 0.251
Psychological emotions 2 (0, 3) 2 (1, 4) 0.187

Table 3

Comparison of quality of life scores between IC/BPS and OAB patients"

Impacts on quality of life score IC/BPS (n=109), M (P25, P75) OAB (n=461), M (P25, P75) P value
Storage symptoms 8 (6, 8) 6 (5, 7) <0.001
Voiding symptoms 3 (1, 6) 4 (1, 5) 0.846
Post-voiding symptoms 4 (1, 6) 4 (1, 6) 0.735

Table 4

Related factors of quality of life in patients with IC/BPS"

Items Mild and moderate (n=46) Severe (n=63) P value
Age/years, $\bar{x}±s$ 48.4±15.6 45.0±13.3 0.302
Disease duration/months, $\bar{x}±s$ 40.9±56.4 38.3±48.3 0.789
BMI, $\bar{x}±s$ 21.8±2.7 22.3±2.9 0.805
Smoking, n (%) 0.578
No 46 (100.0) 62 (98.4)
Yes 0 (0) 1 (1.6)
Drinking, n (%) 0.189
No 46(100.0) 60 (95.2)
Yes 0 (0) 3 (4.8)
Caffeine intake, n (%) 0.034
No 46 (100.0) 57 (90.5)
Yes 0 (0) 6 (9.5)
Constipation, n (%) 0.003
No 44 (95.7) 47 (74.6)
Yes 2 (4.3) 16 (25.4)
Marital status, n (%) 0.234
Married 43 (93.5) 55 (87.3)
Unmarried or divorced 3 (6.5) 8 (12.7)
First visit due to LUTS, n (%) 0.548
No 12 (26.0) 17 (27.0)
Yes 34 (74.0) 46 (73.0)
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