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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (6): 1213-1218. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2025.06.031

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王小梦1, 曾晓君2, 李娟*,2,3()   

  • Received:2025-08-18 Online:2025-11-07 Published:2025-11-07
  • Contact: 李娟
  • Supported by:
    High-level Talent Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(824RC554)

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CLC Number: 

  • R593.24

Table 1

The clinical manifestations of Han Chinese and Li ethnic patients who were hospitalized for the first time due to SLE"

Items Han Chinese patients (n=1 060) Li ethnic patients (n=67) Statistics P
Gender (Female) 944 (89.1) 64 (95.5) χ2=2.109 0.233
Age/years 35.99±16.50 28.42±13.16 t=3.684 ＜0.001
Rash 269 (25.4) 24 (35.8) χ2=3.908 0.142
Joint pain 257 (24.3) 26 (38.8) χ2=10.036 0.007
Muscle pain 27 (2.5) 0 (0) χ2=1.776 0.411
Lung involvement 289 (27.3) 20 (29.9) χ2=0.590 0.745
Renal involvement 424 (40.0) 30 (44.8) χ2=1.272 0.529
Neuro-psychiatric system involvement 126 (11.0) 6 (9.0) χ2=8.009 0.018
Leukopenia 261 (24.6) 19 (28.4) χ2=3.487 0.175
Hemolytic anemia 5 (0.5) 0 (0) χ2=0.322 0.851
Thrombocytopenia 101 (9.5) 6 (9.0) χ2=0.129 0.938
Lupus liver involvement 65 (6.1) 5 (7.5) χ2=0.258 0.879
Pulmonary hypertension 35 (3.3) 1 (1.5) χ2=0.701 0.704
Thrombotic microangiopathy 7(0.7) 0 (0) χ2=0.452 0.798
Cardiac involvement 158 (14.9) 6 (9.0) χ2=1.966 0.374
Digestive system involvement 176 (16.6) 10 (14.9) χ2=0.327 0.849
Reynold syndrome 33 (3.1) 5 (7.5) χ2=3.697 0.157
Acute kidney injury 11 (1.0) 2 (3.0) χ2=2.109 0.348
Chronic kidney disease 50 (4.7) 2 (3.0) χ2=0.478 0.787
Maintenance hemodialysis 27 (2.5) 1 (1.5) χ2=0.315 0.854

Table 2

Laboratory tests results of Han Chinese and Li ethnic patients who were hospitalized for the first time due to SLE"

Items Han Chinese patients Li ethnic patients Statistic P
Blood routine examination
  Lymphocyte count/(×109/L) 1.15 (0.72, 1.74) 1.12 (0.62, 2.00) U=13 977.500 0.179
  Neutrophil count/(×109/L) 3.50 (2.30, 5.69) 3.44 (2.47, 6.59) U=32 527.500 0.263
  Low white blood cell (< 4×109/L) 280/1 060 (26.4) 21/67 (31.3) χ2=3.518 0.172
  Low hemoglobin (< 120 g/L) 766/1 060 (72.3) 54/67 (80.6) χ2=2.583 0.275
Low platelet (< 100×109/L) 140/1 060 (13.2) 7/67 (10.4) χ2=0.573 0.751
hsCRP/(mg/L) 3.16 (1.01, 10.70) 3.60 (0.06, 14.36) U=21 425.500 0.356
ESR/(mm/h) 44.00 (20.25, 81.00) 46.50±58.75 U=21 227.500 0.490
Lupus nephritis 429/916 (46.8) 29/57 (50.9) χ2=1.241 0.534
24-UTP/(mg/24 h) 586.85 (211.05, 2 261.20) 860.71 (306.23, 2 886.63) U=9 184.500 0.092
Blood biochemistry
  Creatinine/(μmol/L) 67.20 (52.40, 94.98) 60.25 (46.50, 98.43) U=33 395.500 0.801
  BUN/(mmol/L) 5.40 (3.91, 8.92) 4.88 (3.19, 8.73) U=30 527.500 0.275
  ALT/(U/L) 22.73 (16.00, 34.93) 23.37 (16.00, 28.67) U=31 302.500 0.190
  AST/(U/L) 25.00 (17.00, 38.00) 21.00 (14.50, 31.50) U=34 528.000 0.965
  ALP/(U/L) 67.50 (53.00, 86.75) 57.50 (38.25, 78.50) U=28 690.000 0.027
  γ-GGT/(U/L) 24.00 (14.00, 46.00) 20.71 (14.00, 40.24) U=30 873.000 0.194
SLE-related antibodies
  ANA 893/936 (95.4) 63/63 (1) χ2=3.072 0.215
  Anti-dsDNA 338/901 (37.5) 19/63 (30.2) χ2=3.062 0.216
  Anti-SSA 406/850 (47.8) 30/61 (49.2) χ2=0.046 0.831
  Anti-SSB 98/850 (11.5) 3/61 (4.9) χ2=2.524 0.112
  Anti-Ro-52 324/850 (38.1) 18/61 (29.5) χ2=1.799 0.180
  Anti-U1-RNP/Sm 301/850 (35.4) 25/60 (41.7) χ2=0.954 0.329
  Anti-Sm 150/850 (17.6) 19/61 (31.1) χ2=6.866 0.009
  Anti-histone 143/850 (16.8) 11/60 (18.3) χ2=0.091 0.763
  Anti-nucleosome 173/850 (20.4) 13/60 (21.7) χ2=0.059 0.807
  Anti-ribosomal P protein 174/848 (20.5) 12/59 (20.3) χ2=0.001 0.974
  LA 34/145 (23.4) 1/2 (50) χ2=0.767 0.381
  aCL 52/468 (11.1) 0/32 (0) χ2=3.968 0.046
  Anti-β2GPⅠ 108/476 (22.7) 4/33 (12.1) χ2=2.008 0.156
  P-ANCA 263/652 (40.3) 20/49 (40.8) χ2=0.004 0.947
  C-ANCA 6/652 (0.9) 0/49 (0) χ2=0.455 0.500
  Anti-MPO 48/528 (9.1) 4/38 (10.5) χ2=0.088 0.767
  Anti-PR3 2/528 (0.4) 0/38 (0) χ2=0.145 0.704
Low C3 650/1 060 (61.3) 43/67 (64.2) χ2=1.812 0.404
Low C4 382/1 060 (36.0) 30/67 (44.8) χ2=2.651 0.266
SLEDAI-2K 7.00 (4.00, 9.00) 6.00 (4.00, 10.00) U=33 260.000 0.402

Table 3

Analysis of comorbidities in Han Chinese and Li ethnic patients who were hospitalized for the first time due to SLE"

Items Han Chinese patients (n=1 060) Li ethnic patients (n=67) χ2 P
Thalassemia 20 (1.9) 6 (9.0) 14.006 ＜0.001
HT 101 (10.4) 3 (4.5) 2.022 0.364
RA 35 (3.3) 0 (0) 2.317 0.314
SS 18 (1.7) 1 (1.5) 0.033 0.984
T2DM 36 (3.4) 1 (1.5) 0.754 0.686
Hypertension 180 (17.0) 8 (11.9) 1.353 0.508
Cataract 31 (2.9) 1 (1.5) 0.498 0.780
Fracture 22 (2.1) 3 (4.5) 1.701 0.427
HBsAg+ 24 (2.3)a 5 (7.5) 6.814 0.033
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