大动脉炎是一种罕见的慢性血管炎，患病率为每年（1.2~2.6）/100万，患者多为年轻女性［1］，病损主要累及主动脉及其分支［2］，其病因尚不明确，感染、自身免疫及遗传缺陷等都是可能的危险因素。美国风湿病学会对大动脉炎的诊断有明确规范［3］，大动脉炎的治疗主要包括药物（如类固醇类）和手术（如血管成形术）等［4］。由于大动脉炎可能不断进展并造成重要器官缺血，因此需长期监测患者的红细胞沉降率（erythrocyte sedimentation rate，ESR）及C反应蛋白（Creactive protein，CRP）水平来了解疾病的活动性。研究表明，牙周炎通过牙周致病菌和炎症因子与多种全身系统疾病（如糖尿病、冠心病和动脉粥样硬化等）存在着相关关系［5］，但目前还未见大动脉炎与牙周炎关系的相关报道，本研究将对1例伴大动脉炎的牙周炎患者进行报道。

This case report concerns a 23-year-old woman with chronic periodontitis who had been previously diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis (TA). Her erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level were decreased before and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy with no change in her prescribed medications (ESR from 31.00 mm/h to 23.0 mm/h, CRP from 21.40 mg/L to 18.46 mm/h). Through the occasional findings, we raised a hypothetical analysis about the potential relationship between periodontitis and TA with respect to inflammatory factors, bacteria and medication. Further studies of large samples are needed to verify the findings.