目的：基于组织异体移植技术，研究将正常SD（Sprague-Dawley）大鼠阴茎海绵体组织和盆神经节移植到Nu/Nu裸鼠肾被膜下的可行性。方法：无菌条件下获取SD大鼠阴茎组织和盆神经节，在手术显微镜下将上述组织移植到Nu/Nu裸鼠肾被膜下，分别于移植后1周和4周检测移植物的组织病理学变化及移植物内部细胞增殖情况。结果：移植1周后，移植到Nu/Nu裸鼠肾被膜下的阴茎海绵体组织与正常阴茎海绵体组织形态一致，在阴茎海绵体窦内充满血液；移植4周后，靠近肾的阴茎海绵体组织接近正常组织形态，而远离肾的阴茎海绵体组织表现为纤维化，仍可在阴茎海绵体窦观察到血液。盆神经节移植后1周，移植物内部组织结构与正常盆神经节相近，可见多个“细胞团”样结构存在，在靠近肾的部位有新生血管样结构形成；移植后4周，在远离肾的盆神经节组织内观察到血管存在，“细胞团”样结构仍较明显。此外，移植后4周，移植到Nu/Nu裸鼠肾被膜下的海绵体组织和盆神经节中可见ki67阳性的细胞存在，提示移植物内部分细胞仍存在增殖活性。结论：将正常SD大鼠阴茎海绵体组织和盆神经节移植到裸鼠肾被膜下后，至少可以存活4周，移植物内部组织结构与正常SD大鼠阴茎海绵体和盆神经节组织结构基本一致，可能与肾被膜下提供了移植物所需的局部微环境及移植物内部逐渐形成血液循环有关。

Objective：To study the feasibility of transplantation of normal rat penile corpus cavernosum and major pelvic ganglion (MPG) into the renal subserous region of a Nu/Nu mouse based on allograft technology. Methods: Penile corpus cavernosum and MPG, harvested from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats under sterile condition, were transplanted underneath the kidney capsule of Nu/Nu mice through the microsurgery instruments and surgery microscope. The histopathologic changes and cellular proliferation in the transplanted penile corpus cavernosum and MPG were then analyzed at the end of 1week and 4 weeks after transplantation. Histological staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the main outcome measures. Results:After 1 week, the tissue morphology of the transplanted corpus cavernosum underneath the kidney capsule of Nu/Nu mice was consistent with normal penile corpus cavernosum, and blood could be observed in the penis cavernous sinus of the graft; after 4 weeks, the mophorlogy of the tranplanted corpus cavernosum near the kidney was consistent with normal penile corpus cavernosum, while fibrosis was noteworthy in the graft away from the kidney, but blood could still be seen in the penis cavernous sinus. After 1 week, the tissue morphology of the transplanted MPG was consistent with normal MPG, multiple islet-like cell clusters could be seen in the transplanted MPG in the renal subserous region, and angiogenesis could be observed near the kidney; after 4 weeks, a network of blood vessels was clearly visible away from the kidney, and isletlike cell clusters were still clearly observed in the transplanted MPG. In addition, ki67 positive cells were observed in the transplanted penile corpus cavernosum and MPG after 4 weeks of transplantation, which indicated that there was still cell proliferation activity in the grafts. Conclusion: The transplanted corpus cavernosum and MPG underneath the kidney capsule of Nu/Nu mice could survive at least 4 weeks. Moreover, the inner structure of the transplanted corpus ca-vernosum and MPG was close to the normal tissue. The underlining mechanism may be related to the local microenvironment underneath the kidney capsule of Nu/Nu mice and the neovascularization in the transplanted grafts.