目的：白细胞介素（interleukin，IL）-1β和C反应蛋白（C-reactive protein，CRP）等炎症细胞因子在糖尿病的发生发展过程中起到了重要作用，因此牙周炎可能通过共同的炎症病理机制和糖尿病关联。通过测定青少年糖尿病患者龈沟液和血浆中IL-1β和CRP的水平，探讨糖尿病在发病初期对机体炎症指标的影响，结合牙周健康指数分析青少年糖尿病患者罹患牙周疾病的风险。方法：实验组为10~16岁糖尿病患者41名，健康对照80名。检查记录各牙周指数：菌斑指数（plaque index，PLI）、改良出血指数（modified bleeding index，mBI）、探诊深度（probing depth，PD）和牙周附着丧失（attachment loss，AL）。采集龈沟液和静脉血样本，以酶联免疫吸附测定法（enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, ELISA）检测龈沟液及血浆中IL-1β和CRP浓度。结果：糖尿病组和对照组的PLI分别为1.23±0.05和0.95±0.04，差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)；mBI分别为0.80±0.08和0.51±0.06，差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)；两组受试者均未发现牙周附着丧失；PD分别为（2.37±0.51) mm和（2.31±0.05) mm，差异无统计学意义（P=0.358）。部分受试者样本的龈沟液中CRP低于可检出水平，龈沟液中CRP总检出率为22.9% (11/48)。糖尿病组龈沟液中CRP检出率（38.5%）显著高于对照组（4.5%，P=0.006）；糖尿病组血浆CRP浓度［0.23 (0.15, 1.89) mg/L］略高于对照组［0.19 (0.12, 4.18) mg/L］，但差异无统计学意义（P=0.776）。糖尿病组和对照组血浆中IL1β浓度分别为(14.11±0.57) ng/L和(14.71±0.50) ng/L，差异无统计学意义（P=0.456）；两组龈沟液中IL1β浓度分别为(12.91±1.95) μg/L和(17.68±3.07) μg/L，差异无统计学意义（P=0.185）。结论：青少年糖尿病患者在患病早期尚未发生牙周组织破坏，但牙周指数和龈沟液中CRP的变化提示青少年糖尿病人群罹患牙周疾病的风险可能高于健康人群。

Objective： Cytokines produced by various cells are strong local mediators of inflammation. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and C-reactive protein (CRP) play essential roles in the development and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus periodontal diseases could be related to DM via the same mediators of inflammation. To evaluate plasma and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of IL-1β and CRP in adolescents with DM to further investigate whether DM has an impact on the levels of inflammation factors at an early stage, and to analyze the risk of developing periodontal diseases in adolescents with DM. Methods: A total of 121 adolescents aged from ten to sixteen years were enrolled, 41 adolescents diagnosed with diabetes mellitus were collected in the DM group, and 80 nondiabetic adolescents as the control group. The periodontal indices of each individual were recorded, including plaque index (PLI), modified bleeding index (mBI), probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL). GCF and intravenous blood samples were collected, and CRP and IL-1β levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: (1) PLI of DM group and control group were 1.23±0.05 and 0.95±0.04 separately, with significant difference (P=0.001). DM group and control group had mBI of 0.80±0.08 and 0.51±0.06 separately, with significant difference (P=0.003). Attachment loss was found in none of the subjects. PDs of DM group and control group were (2.37±0.51) mm and (2.31±0.05) mm separately, and there was no significant difference. (2) CRP in GCF was only detectable in partial of the individuals, with a detectable rate of 22.9% (11/48) in total. The detectable rate of CRP in GCF was significantly higher in DM group (38.5%) than that in control group (4.5%, P=0.006). The plasma level of CRP in DM group ［0.23 (0.15, 1.89) mg/L］ was higher than that in control group ［0.19 (0.12, 4.18) mg/L］, but without significance (P=0.776). (3) The plasma levels of IL-1β in DM group and control group were (14.11±0.57) ng/L and (14.71±0.50) ng/L separately, but there was no significance (P=0.456). GCF levels of IL-1β in DM group and control group were (12.91±1.95) μg/L and (17.68±3.07) μg/L, without significant difference (P=0.185). Conclusion: Periodontitis was not observed in adolescents with DM at an early stage. However, the rising levels of periodontal indices and CRP in GCF, might indicate that adolescents with DM have a higher risk of developing periodontal diseases in the future.