目的：初步探索γδT细胞在抗膀胱癌过程中的作用及其识别的应激蛋白MICA/B在膀胱癌中的表达情况。方法：经帕米磷酸二钠体外扩增培养膀胱癌患者外周血来源的γδT细胞，利用流式细胞术检测γδT细胞的纯度、扩增效率和经佛波酯/离子霉素（PMA/ionomycin）刺激后CD107a的表达，通过细胞毒实验检测其对膀胱癌细胞株的细胞毒作用；采用流式细胞术和免疫组织化学染色法分别检测膀胱癌细胞株表面和膀胱癌组织中MICA/B蛋白的表达情况。结果：成功扩增6例膀胱癌患者外周血γδT细胞，纯度达75%~94%，γδT细胞绝对数达到初始的109~371倍。经PMA/ionomycin刺激后，表达CD107a的γδT细胞比例明显增加，可达40%~82%，膀胱癌患者的γδT细胞对3株膀胱癌细胞株都有显著的细胞毒作用，且随效靶比增高而增强。3株膀胱癌细胞株表面和26例膀胱癌组织中均不同程度地表达MICA/B，浸润性膀胱癌中MICA/B的染色评分略高于非浸润性膀胱癌，高级别膀胱癌中MICA/B的染色评分要高于低级别膀胱癌，但统计学分析显示组织中MICA/B的染色评分与肿瘤分期、分级没有显著相关性。结论：膀胱癌患者外周血γδT细胞可在体外成功扩增，并显示出显著的抗膀胱癌作用，膀胱癌细胞和组织中都不同程度表达MICA/B，但统计学分析显示MICA/B在膀胱癌组织中的染色评分与肿瘤分期、分级没有相关性。

Objective： To explore the role of γδT cells against bladder cancer and to detect the expression of stress proteins MICA/B recognized by γδT cells in bladder cancer. Methods: γδT cells from peripheral blood drawn from 6 bladder cancer patients with pamidronate stimulating were expanded. Flow cytometry was used to detect the purity and expansion folds of γδT cells, and the expression of CD107a on γδT cells after PMA/ionomycin stimulated. The cytotoxicity assay was carried out to test the cytotoxi-city of γδT cells against human bladder cancer cell lines. The expression of MICA/B on bladder cancer cell lines and in bladder cancer tissues were detected through flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry respectively. Results: γδT cells from peripheral blood drawn from 6 bladder cancer patients were successfully expanded. The purity was 75%-94% and the expansion folds were 109-371 times. After being stimulated by PMA/ionomycin, the proportion of CD107a+ γδT cells increased significantly, reaching 40%-82%. γδT cells from the 6 bladder cancer patients showed obvious cytotoxic effects on 3 human bladder cancer cell lines which was enhanced as the effector: the target ratio increased. MICA/B were detected both in 3 bladder cancer cell lines and in 26 bladder cancer tissues. The staining score of MICA/B in invasive bladder cancer was slightly higher than that in non-invasive bladder cancer, and in advanced bladder cancer was higher than that in low grade bladder cancer, but the statistical analysis showed that the staining score of MICA/B was no significant correlation between the tissue and the tumor stages and grades. Conclusion: γδT cells from the peripheral blood of the bladder cancer patients could be successfully expanded in vitro, and showed significant anti-bladder cancer effect. MICA/B were detected both in bladder cancer cell lines and in bladder cancer tissues. The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the staining scores of MICA/B in the tissue and the tumor stages and grades.