目的:探讨肾癌术后局部复发患者的临床病理特征及可能的预后影响因素。方法:肾癌术后局部复发包括残留肾脏、肾窝、腹壁、同侧肾上腺及同侧腹膜后淋巴结的复发病灶。回顾性分析自2006年1月至2018年6月于北京大学第一医院泌尿外科接受手术治疗的81例肾癌术后局部复发患者资料,收集患者两次手术治疗的临床及病理资料,进行对比统计分析。结果:研究共纳入81名患者,其中43例在北京大学第一医院接受初次手术治疗,38例于外院接受手术治疗。初次手术时38例(本院26例,外院12例)患者接受肾部分切除,43例(本院17例,外院26例)患者接受根治性肾切除。总体中位复发时间为26个月(3~164个月), 其中肾部分切除患者中位复发时间26个月(3~55个月),根治性肾切除患者中位复发时间30个月(4~164个月), P=0.009。69例患者为单一部位复发,其中残留肾脏复发29例,肾窝复发20例,腹壁复发4例,同侧淋巴结复发5例,同侧肾上腺复发11例,另外12例患者为多部位复发。78例患者接受完整手术切除,3例患者接受射频消融治疗。复发病灶病理透明细胞癌72例,乳头状细胞癌8例(Ⅰ型7例,Ⅱ型1例), Xp11易位性肾癌1例。43例于北京大学第一医院行初次手术的患者具有完整初次手术病理资料,其中17例患者行根治性肾切除术,病理分期T1a期4例,T1b期2例,T2a期1例,T3a期8例,T3b期2例,另外26例患者行肾部分切除,病理分期T1a期18例,T1b期7例,T3a期1例。肾部分切除患者中T1a期患者中位复发时间长于T1a期以上患者(29个月 vs. 18个月,P=0.041)。末次随访时存活患者58例,死亡4例,失访19例。3年无瘤生存率为81.9%, 5年无瘤生存率为53.6%。结论:肾部分切除患者术后中位局部复发时间短于肾根治切除患者,初次手术肾部分切除病理分期T1a患者中位复发时间长于T1a以上分期患者,复发病灶可进行完整切除患者,二次术后可获得较长时间生存。

Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathologic features and potential prognostic predictors of locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma patients after initial surgery.Methods: Authors retrospectively analyzed data extracted from 81 patients who were treated for postoperative locally recurrence of renal cell carcinoma from January 2006 to June 2016 in the Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital. Postoperative locally recurrence of renal cell carcinoma was defined as disease recurring in the remnant kidney, renal fossa, adjacent abdomen, ipsilateral adrenal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes.Results: In the study, 81 patients were finally included, of whom 43 were initially treated in our hospital and 38 were initially treat in other centers. Partial nephrectomy (PN) was performed for 38 cases (26 in our hospital and 12 in other hospitals) as initial treatment and radical nephrectomy (RN) was conducted for the remnant 43 cases (17 in our hospital and 26 in other hospitals). Overall median recurrence time was 26 months (range: 3-164 months), in which 26 months (range: 3-55 months) for PN cases and 30 months (range: 4-164 months) for RN cases (P=0.009). Sixty-nine patients had single site recurrence, including remnant kidney (n=29), renal fossa (n=20), abdomen (n=4), ipsilateral lymph nodes (n=5), ipsilateral adrenal (n=11), while 12 patients had multiple sites recurrence. Seventy-eight patients were managed by complete surgical resection, while three patients were managed by radiofrequency ablation. Postoperative pathological diagnoses included clear cell carcinoma (n=72), papi-llary renal cell carcinoma (n=8, 7 cases with type 1, 1 case with type 2) and Xp11 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion renal cell carcinoma (n=1). Complete pathologic information of the initial surgery could be extracted from 43 patients who were initially treated in our hospital. Seventeen patients with initial radical nephrectomy were staged as T1a (n=4), T1b (n=2), T2a (n=1), T3a (n=8), and T3b (n=2). Twenty-six patients with initial partial nephrectomy were staged as T1a (n=18), T1b (n=7), and T3a (n=1). For PN cohort, the patients with T1a stage disease had longer median recurrence time than those with beyond T1a stage disease, and the difference was significant (29 months vs. 18 months, P=0.041). At the end of the follow-up, 58 patients were alive, 4 died and 19 lost the follow-up. Overall, 3-year and 5-year disease free survival rates were 81.9%, and 53.6%, respectively.Conclusion: The present research reported a large-scale single central experience of locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma. The recurrence time of the PN group is shorter than that of the RN group. For patients after PN surgery, median recurrence time is longer for patients with T1a stage tumor when compared with those with stage beyond T1a. Patients can obtain relative long-term survival after complete secondary surgery resection.