目的 探讨采用低功率钬激光“七步两叶法”行前列腺剜除术的可行性,介绍“七步两叶法”的具体步骤及近期疗效。方法 回顾2016年3月至2017年11月间90例于北京大学第三医院接受经尿道钬激光前列腺剜除术的患者资料,按手术使用钬激光设备不同分为两组,高功率组32例,手术使用高功率钬激光,功率设置为90 W;低功率组58例,手术使用低功率钬激光,功率设置为40 W。手术方法前者采用“三叶法”,即先在5、7点纵行切开腺体至包膜,然后完整剥离中叶,再在12点纵行切开至包膜,先后剥离左右叶,最后离断尖部连接腺体的黏膜,使左右叶腺体完全游离;后者则采用“七步两叶法”,其具体步骤包括:(1)在精阜两侧5、7点找到正确的包膜平面;(2)于精阜近端横行切开使两侧包膜平面相连;(3)向膀胱颈方向扇形剥离腺体与背侧包膜;(4)于尖部5、7点逆行向膀胱颈部分割中叶与左、右叶;(5)完全剥离中叶;(6)于前列腺尖部环行切断尿路黏膜;(7)分别从尖部两侧向腹侧及膀胱颈方向剥离左、右叶并最终于12点汇合使两侧叶完整剥离。结果 高功率组与低功率组患者的平均年龄分别为(66.25±5.37)岁和(68.00±5.18)岁;体重指数平均值分别为(24.13±4.06) kg/m ²和(24.57±3.50) kg/m ²;前列腺特异性抗原平均值分别为(3.23±2.47) μg/L和(6.00±6.09) μg/L;B超测量前列腺体积平均值分别为(49.03±20.63) mL和(67.55±36.97) mL,组间差异均无统计学意义。两组患者的围手术期数据及随访数据,包括手术时间、剜除效率、术后血红蛋白下降程度、术后血钠、血钾变化程度、尿管留置时间、术后住院天数、术前、术后国际前列腺症状评分及生活质量评分等组间差异均无统计学意义。高功率组1例术中中转经尿道前列腺电切术;低功率组1例术中输血。术后1个月随访显示:两组均无明显尿失禁,射精功能障碍高功率组3例,低功率组1例。其他手术相关并发症包括高功率组2例术后活动性出血 (Clavien Ⅱ 及 Clavien Ⅲb);低功率组2例术后发热超过38 ℃ (Clavien Ⅰ), 1例拔尿管后排尿困难 (Clavien Ⅰ)。结论 采用低功率钬激光及“七步两叶法”可安全开展钬激光前列腺剜除术,并取得与高功率钬激光前列腺剜除术相似的疗效。

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the seven-step two-lobe holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) technique with low power laser device, and to introduce the detailed operating procedures, key points, short-term outcomes of this modified HoLEP technique.Methods: From March 2016 to November 2017, 90 patients underwent HoLEP in Peking University Third Hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: high-power group (32 patients) were performed with tradi-tional Gilling’s three-lobe enucleation using high power (90 W) laser; Low-power group (58 patients) were performed with seven-step two-lobe enucleation using low power (40 W) laser. The main steps of the low power seven-step two-lobe HoLEP phase included: (1) The identification of the correct plane between adenoma and capsule at 5 and 7 o’clock laterally to the veru montanum; (2) The connection of the bila-teral plane by making a adenoma incision at the proximal point of veru montanum; (3) The extension of the dorsal plane under the whole three lobes between adenoma and capsule towards the bladder neck; (4) The separation of the middle lobe from two lateral lobes by making two retrograde incisions separately from apex 5 and 7 o’clock towards the bladder neck; (5) The enucleation of the middle lobe adenoma by extending the dorsal plane through into the bladder; (6) The prevention of the apex mucosa by making a circle incision at the apex of the prostate; (7) The en-bloc enucleation of the two lateral lobe adenomas by extending the lateral and ventral plane between adenoma and capsule from 5 and 7 o’clock to 12 o’clock conjunction and through into the bladder.Results: The mean patient age was (66.25±5.37) years vs. (68.00±5.18) years; The mean body mass indexes were (24.13±4.06) kg/m ² vs. (24.57±3.50) kg/m ²; The mean prostate specific antigen values were (3.23±2.47) μg/L vs. (6.00±6.09) μg/L; The average prostatic volumes evaluated by ultrasound was (49.03±20.63) mL vs. (67.55±36.97) mL. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in terms of perioperative and follow up data, including operative time; enucleation efficiencies; hemoglobin decrease; blood sodium and potassiumthe change postoperatively; catheterization duration and hospital stay; the international prostate symptom scores and quality of life scores pre- and post-operatively. There was 1 transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) conversion in high-power group and 1 transfusion in low-power group during the operations. The follow-up one month after operation showed no severe stress incontinence in both the groups, whereas 3 cases ejacula-tory dysfunctions in high-power group versus 1 case in low-power group were observed; Other surgery-related complications included: 2 cases postoperative hemorrhage (Clavien Ⅱ and Clavien Ⅲb) in high-power group, 2 cases postoperative temperature more than 38 ℃ (Clavien Ⅰ) and 1 case dysuria following catheter removal (Clavien Ⅰ) in low-power group.Conclusion: Low power laser device can be applied safe and effectively for HoLEP procedure using the seven-step two-lobe HoLEP technique. The outcomes comparable with high power laser HoLEP can be achieved.