目的: 利用大数据对2型糖尿病患者骨关节炎的患病情况和相关因素进行探究,为该类合并症的防治工作提供科学依据。方法: 利用2015—2017年北京市所有定点医疗机构的就诊数据,收集成年2型糖尿病患者的相关资料进行描述性分析,采用Logistic回归模型探究2型糖尿病患者骨关节炎患病的相关因素。结果: 共纳入1 046 264例成年2型糖尿病患者,平均年龄63.07岁,男性占50.78%。2型糖尿病患者中患有骨关节炎的病例341 561人,患病率为32.65%;女性患病率(38.05%)高于男性(27.41%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2型糖尿病患者骨关节炎在各个年龄段均有发生,骨关节炎患病率最高的年龄组为65~69岁组(36.76%),患病率最低的年龄组为≤44岁组(14.3%),70岁前患病率随年龄组的升高而增加。进一步分析2型糖尿病患者骨关节炎患病的影响因素,发现女性(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.61~1.63)、年龄(OR=1.01,95%CI:1.01~1.01)、患有其他合并症(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.18~1.21)、使用降糖药(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.78~0.80)、患有心血管疾病(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.11~1.15)、患有脑血管疾病(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.23~1.28)、患有糖尿病肾病(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.51~1.71)等因素与2型糖尿病人群患骨关节炎有关。结论: 北京地区2型糖尿病患者骨关节炎的患病率较高,应对中老年患者加强健康宣教与疾病监测工作,重点关注绝经期妇女,尽早开展合并症筛查工作。

Objective: To explore the prevalence and related factors of osteoarthritis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and provided a scientific basis for the prevention of the comorbidity. Methods: The data were obtained from the database of all designated medical institutions in Beijing from 2015 to 2017. Data of the adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were collected for descriptive analysis, and a Logistic regression model was used to explore the related factors of osteoarthritis in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: A total of 1 046 264 diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus adult patients were included in our study, with an average age of 63.07 years, and 50.78% were males. Among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there were 341 561 cases with osteoarthritis, and the prevalence of osteoarthritis was 32.65%. The prevalence of females (38.05%) was higher than that of males (27.41%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Osteoarthritis occurred in all age groups among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the highest prevalence of osteoarthritis in the age group of 65-69 years (36.76%), and the lowest prevalence in the age group ≤44 years (14.3%). Before the age of 70, the prevalence increased with age. Further analysis of related factors for osteoarthritis in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed that female (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.61-1.63), age (OR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.01-1.01), had other comorbidities (OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.18-1.21), used hypoglycemic drugs (OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.78-0.80), having the cardiovascular disease (OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.11-1.15), having cerebrovascular disease (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.23-1.28), and having nephropathy (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.51-1.71) were associated with the osteoarthritis in the type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the prevalence of osteoarthritis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is high in Beijing area. Health education and disease monitoring should be strengthened in middle-aged and elderly patients. Screening for comorbidities should be carried out as soon as possible, with the focus on menopausal women.