目的: 比较使用两种硅酸钙类材料进行牙髓切断术的临床疗效，评价术后钙化桥形成和髓腔钙化情况。方法: 选择2017年11月至2019年9月在北京大学口腔医院综合科就诊对龋源性露髓的成年恒前磨牙、恒磨牙行牙髓切断术的患者，其纳入病例43例随机分为两组，分别使用生物陶瓷类膏状材料iRoot BP (iRoot组，n=22) 和三氧化矿物凝聚体(mineral trioxide aggregate，MTA) (MTA组，n=21) 作为盖髓剂。术后1年、2年复查，评价临床疗效，记录X线根尖片钙化桥形成指数(dentin bridge index, DBI)和牙髓钙化指数(pulp calcification index, PCI)。对患者、评价者均采用盲法。结果: 两组患者在性别、平均年龄、牙列及牙位分布上差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。术后1年随访时失访7例(iRoot组4例，MTA组3例)，iRoot组有1例在1年复查时出现一过性敏感，两组患者2年随访时的治愈率均为100%。钙化桥形成比例术后1年为38.9%，术后2年为55.6%。根管影像部分甚至是完全消失的比例术前为5.6%，术后1年和2年则分别为38.9%和55.6%，经秩和检验，组间差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组的钙化桥形成和牙髓钙化程度差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。术后的DBI和PCI评分呈现与术前持平(DBI占比44.4%、PCI占比25%)或逐渐增长(DBI占比55.6%，PCI占比75%)的趋势。经Spearman非参数相关性分析检验，发现年龄与术前牙髓钙化指数(PCI0)正相关(P < 0.05)，但与术后1年和2年的钙化桥指数(DBI1、DBI2)、牙髓钙化指数(PCI1，PCI2)极其变化程度(DBI2 vs. DBI1、PCI1 vs. PCI0、PCI2 vs. PCI0)无相关性(P>0.05)。结论: 用MTA和iRoot进行成年恒牙牙髓切断后，2年内均获得良好的临床疗效，部分病例根管系统有钙化加重的趋势，此趋势的发展程度两组间差异无统计学意义。

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of pulpotomy with two kinds of calcium silicate materials, and to evaluate the formation of dentin bridge and pulp calcification after pulpotomy of adult permanent teeth. Methods: Patients who visited the General Department of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from November 2017 to September 2019 and planned for pulpotomy on permanent premolars and molars with carious exposed pulp were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups. Bioceramic putty material iRoot BP (iRoot group, n=22) and mineral trioxide aggregate MTA (MTA group, n=21) were used as pulp capping agents, respectively. The patients were recalled after one year and two years. The clinical efficacy, dentin bridge index (DBI) and pulp calcification index (PCI) were recorded. Blinding method was used for the patients and evaluators. Results: There was no significant difference in gender, mean age, dentition and tooth position between the two groups (P>0.05). Seven cases were lost during the first year (4 cases in iRoot group and 3 cases in MTA group). In the iRoot group, 1 case had transient sensitivity at the time of 1-year follow-up. The cure rate of the two groups was 100% at the time of 2-year follow-up. The proportion of dentin bridge formation was 38.9% one year after operation, 55.6% two years after operation. The proportion of partial or even complete disappearance of root canal image was 5.6% before operation, 38.9% and 55.6% one and two years after operation, respectively. The difference was statistically significant by rank sum test (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in dentin bridge formation and pulp calcification between the two groups (P < 0.05). DBI and PCI after operation was as the same as those before operation (44.4% cases of DBI and 25% cases of PCI) or gradually increased (55.6% cases of DBI and 75% cases of PCI). Spearman's nonparametric correlation analysis showed that age was positively correlated with preoperative pulp calcification index (PCI0, P < 0.05), but not with the dentin bridge index (DBI1, DBI2), pulp calcification index (PCI1, PCI2) and the degree of change (DBI2 vs. DBI1, PCI1 vs. PCI0, PCI2 vs. PCI0) 1-year and 2-year after operation (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to this study, good clinical effects were obtained within 2-year after pulpotomy of adult permanent teeth with MTA and iRoot. In some cases, the root canal system had a tendency of calcification aggravation, and there was no statistical difference in the development of this trend between the two groups.