目的: 在我国儿童中探索DRD2基因rs2587552多态性与肥胖干预效果的关联，为将来开展基于遗传背景的个性化儿童肥胖干预提供科学依据。方法: 基于一项儿童肥胖干预研究的多中心整群随机对照试验，纳入北京地区8所小学的382名儿童作为研究对象，采集唾液，提取DNA，检测DRD2基因rs2587552多态性，并分析基因与干预措施对儿童肥胖干预效果(包括体质量、体重指数、体重指数Z评分、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、腰围身高比和体脂百分比指标)的交互作用。结果: 干预组中未发现rs2587552多态性与儿童臀围和体脂百分比的变化相关(P>0.05)，而在对照组中，携带rs2587552位点A等位基因的儿童相比于非携带儿童，其臀围和体脂百分比升高更多(P < 0.001)。DRD2基因rs2587552多态性与干预措施对儿童臀围和体脂百分比存在交互作用(P分别为0.007和0.015)。与对照组相比，干预组携带A等位基因的儿童相比于非携带儿童，臀围下降(-1.30 cm，95%CI：-2.25~-0.35，P=0.007)，体脂百分比下降(-1.34%，95%CI：-2.42~-0.27，P=0.015)。显性与加性遗传模型的结果较为一致(臀围下降：-0.66 cm，95%CI：-1.28~-0.03，P=0.041;体脂百分比下降：-0.69%，95%CI：-1.40~0.02，P=0.056)。未发现rs2587552多态性与干预措施对其他儿童肥胖相关指标存在交互作用(P>0.05)。结论: 在DRD2基因rs2587552位点携带A等位基因的儿童对干预措施更加敏感，干预期间在臀围和体脂百分比指标上获得更多改善，提示未来可基于儿童rs2587552位点的基因型开展个性化的生活方式干预。

Objective: To explore the association between rs2587552 polymorphism (has a strong lin-kage disequilibrium with rs1800497 which had been found in many studies to be related to obesity, r²=0.85) of DRD2 gene and the effect of a childhood obesity intervention in Chinese population, and provide a scientific basis for future personalized childhood obesity intervention based on genetic background. Methods: From a multi-center cluster randomized controlled trial studying the effect of a childhood obesity intervention, we enrolled 382 children from 8 primary schools (192 and 190 children from intervention and control groups, respectively) in Beijing as study subjects. Saliva was collected and DNA was extracted to detect the rs2587552 polymorphism of DRD2 gene, and the interactions between the gene and study arms on childhood obesity indicators [including body weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage] were analyzed. Results: No association was found between rs2587552 polymorphism and the changes in hip circumference or body fat percentage in the intervention group (P>0.05). However, in the control group, children carrying the A allele at DRD2 rs2587552 locus showed a greater increase in hip circumference and body fat percentage compared with those not carrying A allele (P < 0.001). There were interactions between rs2587552 polymorphism of DRD2 gene and study arms on the changes in hip circumference and body fat percentage (P=0.007 and 0.015, respectively). Compared with the control group, children in the intervention group carrying the A allele at DRD2 rs2587552 locus showed decrease in hip circumference by (-1.30 cm, 95%CI: -2.25 to -0.35, P=0.007) and decrease in body fat percentage by (-1.34%, 95%CI: -2.42 to -0.27, P=0.015) compared with those not carrying A allele. The results were consistent between the dominant model and the additive model (hip circumfe-rence: -0.66 cm, 95%CI: -1.28 to -0.03, P=0.041; body fat percentage: -0.69%, 95%CI: -1.40 to 0.02, P=0.056). No interaction was found between rs2587552 polymorphism and study arms on the changes in other childhood obesity-related indicators (P>0.05). Conclusion: Children carrying the A allele at rs2587552 polymorphism of DRD2 gene are more sensitive to intervention and showed more improvement in hip circumference and body fat percentage after the intervention, suggesting that future personalized childhood obesity lifestyle intervention can be carried out based on the rs2587552 polymorphism of DRD2 gene.