1 资料与方法
1.1 临床资料
1.2 纳入及排除标准
1.3 设备信息
图1 海山一Ⓡ腔镜手术机器人系统辅助肾盂成形术手术场景Figure 1 Intraoperative setup of the CarinaTM modular laparoscopic surgical robotic system for robot-assisted pyeloplasty A, the surgeon seated at the console performing the procedure using the robotic system; B, position of the patient-side cart relative to the patient after docking; C, port placement layout for pyeloplasty using the CarinaTM modular laparoscopic robotic system (O, camera arm port; R1, R2, R3, robotic instrument arm ports; M, assistant port.) |
1.4 手术方法
图2 海山一Ⓡ腔镜手术机器人系统辅助肾盂成形术手术步骤Figure 2 Surgical steps of robot-assisted pyeloplasty using the CarinaTM modular laparoscopic surgical robotic system A, dissection and identification of the ureteropelvic junction(UPJ); B, longitudinal incision of the UPJ and the proximal ureter; C, pyelocaliceal stone removal via pelviotomy; D, posterior ureteropelvic anastomosis; E, antegrade double-J stent placement; F, anterior ureteropelvic anastomosis. |
2 结果
2.1 一般情况及围术期结果
表1 患者人口学信息及围术期资料Table 1 Patient demographics and perioperative data |
| Items | Patient | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| Gender | Female | Female | Female | Female | Male |
| Age/years | 33 | 25 | 24 | 32 | 37 |
| Body mass index/(kg/m2) | 20.5 | 21.6 | 15.8 | 24.2 | 27.3 |
| Previous surgical intervention | No | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Surgical side | Left | Left | Left | Right | Left |
| Hydronephrosis | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Flank pain | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Presence of concomitant renal calculi | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Previous ureteral stent placement | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Underwent preoperative nephrostomy | No | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Preoperative creatinine/(μmol/L) | 75.3 | 55.7 | 64.6 | 72.9 | 101.7 |
| Postoperative creatinine/(μmol/L) | 53.4 | 42.2 | 43.7 | 68.7 | 89.4 |
| Estimated intraoperative blood loss/mL | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Docking time/min | 12 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 3 |
| Robot-assisted console time/min | 125 | 71 | 91 | 88 | 115 |
| Postoperative length of stay/d | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 9 |
| Postoperative drainage placement duration/d | 3 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Follow-up/months | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
| Intraoperative device stability | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Device delays impacting surgery | No | No | No | No | No |
| Intraoperative operability | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Device collision impacting surgery | No | No | No | No | No |
