收稿日期: 2025-11-05
网络出版日期: 2026-01-13
基金资助
国家自然科学基金重点项目(82530030)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(82270954)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(81930026)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4605400)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106900)
北京市自然科学基金委员会-海淀原始创新联合基金重点研究专题项目(L222030)
海南省自然科学基金优秀青年基金(825YXQN603)
版权
Advances in oral and craniofacial bone regeneration modulated by stem cells and biomaterials
Received date: 2025-11-05
Online published: 2026-01-13
Supported by
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82530030)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270954)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930026)
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4605400)
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1106900)
Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund Key Research Program of the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L222030)
Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(825YXQN603)
Copyright
口腔颅颌面骨缺损由创伤、肿瘤、感染及先天畸形等多种因素引起,严重影响患者生理功能与生活质量。传统的骨修复方法(如自体或异体移植)在复杂、大范围缺损修复中仍面临供区损伤、免疫排斥及远期吸收等局限,其内在原因是缺乏对骨组织再生过程中复杂的细胞行为、信号网络及材料-宿主相互作用的深入解析,导致现有治疗策略难以精准调控修复进程。因此,发展基于机制探索的新理论、新技术和新材料,是目前口腔颅颌面骨再生研究的重要战略方向。本文系统综述了本课题组围绕“调控细胞命运-构建智能材料-实现功能重建”这一核心理念,在口腔颅颌面骨再生领域取得的系列原创性研究进展。从骨骼干细胞命运调控机制入手,阐明了表观遗传修饰、泛素化系统和单细胞水平下功能性干细胞亚群在骨再生中的关键作用,提出了凋亡囊泡作为新型无细胞治疗载体的再生机制及其工程化增强策略;在材料层面,发展了可降解镁、锌金属的生物功能化设计和增材制造技术,并构建了形态与功能双重动态可调的4D打印智能支架,同时引入人工智能,实现精准设计和数字化制造,构建了从机制到转化的系统性创新体系。
李峥 , 吕珑薇 , 张晓 , 夏丹丹 , 张萍 , 刘云松 , 周永胜 . 基于干细胞和生物材料调控的口腔颅颌面骨再生的研究进展[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2026 , 58(2) : 272 -277 . DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2026.02.008
Cranio-maxillofacial bone defects resulting from trauma, tumors, infection, or congenital malformations not only severely impair patients' physiological functions, but also impose a profound psychological burden, constituting a major public health issue that affects overall health and quality of life. Conventional reconstructive approaches, including autologous grafting and allogeneic implantation, can partially restore tissue morphology; however, limitations, such as donor-site morbidity, immune rejection, and long-term resorption prevent the achievement of true biological functional reconstruction. These challenges are particularly pronounced in the repair of complex and large-scale bone defects. The underlying cause lies in the insufficient understanding of the complex cellular behaviors, signaling networks, and material-host interactions involved in bone regeneration, which hampers precise regulation of the repair process. Therefore, the development of new theories, technologies, and materials grounded in mechanistic insights has become a key strategic direction in cranio-maxillofacial bone regeneration research. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, and National and Provincial Major Talent Programs, our research group has addressed critical clinical challenges in cranio-maxillofacial bone defect repair by proposing an innovative concept of "regulating cell fate, designing intelligent biomaterials, and achieving functional reconstruction". Centered on this key scientific question, we have systematically carried out a full-chain research strategy spanning "fundamental theory-technological breakthroughs-product translation", overcoming multiple bottlenecks and achieving a series of original outcomes. (1) At the level of fundamental theory, we elucidated the epigenetic and ubiquitination regulatory networks governing skeletal stem cell fate determination, and precisely defined functional stem cell subpopulations using single-cell technologies. We also pioneered apoptotic vesicles as a new paradigm for cell-free therapy and clarified their functional diversity. (2) In terms of technological breakthroughs, we established 4D printing technologies with dynamically tunable morphology and function, developed metal surface engineering strategies that integrate controllable degradation with biofunctional regulation, and built artificial intelligence-driven intelligent design and manufacturing platforms. (3) Regarding translational applications, we developed a series of apoptotic vesicle-based biotherapeutics, smart responsive bone-repair scaffolds, and next-generation biofunctionalized biodegradable metal implants. Collectively, these achievements have advanced the fundamental theory of regenerative medicine, overcome key technological barriers, established new clinical strategies for cranio-maxillofacial tissue defect repair, and significantly enhanced core competitiveness in this field.
获奖项目: 2025年北京医学科技奖特等奖、2020年中华口腔医学会科技奖一等奖、2021年湖北省科技进步奖一等奖、2015年和2017年北京市科学技术奖三等奖、中国科技青年论坛一等奖、IADR中国分会“杰出青年学者奖”、首都卫生健康系统“未来之星”
国家专利: 负载APOA2的血小板凋亡囊泡及其制备方法与用途, 发明专利(ZL202411416904.2), 2025; 人骨髓间充质干细胞来源凋亡囊泡的表面标志物及其应用, 发明专利(ZL202211576185.1), 2023; 一种大鼠牙槽骨组织来源的凋亡囊泡的制备方法及其应用, 发明专利(ZL202311318081.5), 2024; 一种凋亡囊泡自组装改性PLGA多孔微球复合材料及其用途, 发明专利(ZL202311086911.6), 2024; 一种大鼠牙龈组织来源的凋亡囊泡的制备方法及其应用, 发明专利(ZL202311318078.3), 2024; 一种动物组织来源的凋亡囊泡的制备方法及其应用, 发明专利(ZL202211592026.0), 2023; 一种凋亡微囊泡及其制备方法和应用, 发明专利(ZL202111282900.6), 2023; 一种人血小板凋亡微囊泡的应用, 发明专利(ZL202210217797.5), 2022; 一种含硒高分子化合物修饰的钛材料及其制备方法与用途, 发明专利(ZL202410220052.3), 2024; 3D打印材料及其制备方法和应用, 发明专利(ZL202111328594.5), 2021; 一种骨修复材料及其制备方法和应用, 发明专利(ZL202111051319.3), 2021; 一种三维修复体形态和位置确定方法, 发明专利(ZL202210577667.2), 2022; 一种智能口腔三维美学分析方法, 发明专利(ZL202111151416.X), 2021; 一种根尖手术导板及其制作方法, 发明专利(ZL202110219159.2), 2021
国际专利: Method for preparing apoptotic vesicles from human erythrocytes and use thereof, 国际PCT专利(PCT/CN2022/136389), 2022; Use of human platelet-apoptotic vesicles, 国际PCT专利(PCT/CN2022/117997), 2022
利益冲突 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
作者贡献声明 周永胜、李峥:提出论文思路;吕珑薇、张晓、夏丹丹、张萍、刘云松:收集、分析、整理文献;李峥:撰写论文;周永胜:总体把关和审定论文。所有作者均参与论文修改,并对最终文稿进行审读和确认。
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