1 资料与方法
1.1 双边国际疫苗合作的定义
1.2 研究对象
1.3 加权评分法
表1 中国疫苗国际合作优先国家筛选指标体系一级、二级指标及权重Table 1 Primary and secondary indicators and their weights in the index system for identifying preferred countries in China ' s international vaccine cooperation |
| Primary indicators (weights) | Secondary indicators (weights) | Combined weights of secondary indicators |
| Legal and regulatory factors (0.48) | Vaccine product registration (0.40) | 0.192 |
| Vaccine clinical trial approval (0.20) | 0.096 | |
| Requirements for overseas vaccine enterprises (0.40) | 0.192 | |
| Economic factors (0.23) | Target country economic scale (0.23) | 0.053 |
| Target country vaccine import scale (0.67) | 0.154 | |
| Target country economic system (0.10) | 0.023 | |
| Political factors (0.15) | Political stability and absence of violence (0.23) | 0.035 |
| Government effectiveness (0.12) | 0.018 | |
| Public service capacity (0.23) | 0.035 | |
| Bilateral diplomatic relations (0.42) | 0.063 | |
| Social factors (0.095) | Population size and growth rate (0.20) | 0.019 |
| Burden of vaccine-preventable diseases (0.60) | 0.057 | |
| Health system evaluation (0.20) | 0.019 | |
| Technological factors (0.045) | Vaccine research and development capacity (0.67) | 0.030 |
| Vaccine manufacturing capacity (0.33) | 0.015 |
1.4 层次-K均值混合聚类法
2 结果
2.1 合作优先程度排序
表2 人乳头瘤病毒疫苗合作优先程度评分各一级指标得分及总分排序Table 2 Scores of primary indicators and total score ranking for human papillomavirus vaccine cooperation |
| Countries | Primary indicators | Total score | Rank | ||||
| Legal and regulatory factors | Economic factors | Political factors | Social factors | Technological factors | |||
| Indonesia | 31.87 | 19.18 | 11.00 | 2.14 | 2.64 | 66.83 | 1 |
| Sri Lanka | 38.40 | 9.60 | 10.36 | 1.74 | 0.03 | 60.13 | 2 |
| Georgia | 38.40 | 9.11 | 10.94 | 1.35 | 0.22 | 60.02 | 3 |
| Viet Nam | 32.19 | 12.14 | 12.37 | 1.63 | 1.69 | 60.02 | 4 |
| Azerbaijan | 38.40 | 9.41 | 9.64 | 1.20 | 0.13 | 58.78 | 5 |
| Bhutan | 38.40 | 8.37 | 7.40 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 55.30 | 6 |
| Armenia | 38.40 | 7.51 | 6.01 | 1.37 | 1.58 | 54.87 | 7 |
| Moldova | 38.40 | 8.94 | 6.26 | 0.95 | 0.06 | 54.61 | 8 |
| Uzbekistan | 28.80 | 9.04 | 12.99 | 1.71 | 1.58 | 54.12 | 9 |
| Nigeria | 41.47 | 2.21 | 8.17 | 1.76 | 0.00 | 53.61 | 10 |
| Mongolia | 28.80 | 9.57 | 12.13 | 1.60 | 0.07 | 52.17 | 11 |
| Kenya | 37.76 | 1.29 | 9.51 | 1.57 | 0.59 | 50.72 | 12 |
| Lao PDR | 28.80 | 8.76 | 11.47 | 1.12 | 0.06 | 50.21 | 13 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 28.80 | 9.49 | 10.08 | 1.62 | 0.00 | 49.99 | 14 |
| Bangladesh | 34.56 | 2.39 | 9.44 | 1.71 | 1.36 | 49.46 | 15 |
| Nicaragua | 28.80 | 8.65 | 8.99 | 1.45 | 1.50 | 49.39 | 16 |
| Djibouti | 28.80 | 8.87 | 9.87 | 1.00 | 0.01 | 48.55 | 17 |
| India | 16.94 | 10.04 | 9.07 | 7.99 | 3.50 | 47.54 | 18 |
| Papua New Guinea | 28.80 | 7.49 | 9.41 | 1.06 | 0.01 | 46.77 | 19 |
| Cuba | 31.36 | 4.43 | 7.55 | 1.76 | 1.60 | 46.70 | 20 |
| Angola | 28.80 | 7.06 | 9.15 | 1.49 | 0.01 | 46.51 | 21 |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 28.80 | 6.61 | 8.39 | 1.37 | 1.05 | 46.22 | 22 |
| Guyana | 28.80 | 7.67 | 5.88 | 1.35 | 0.00 | 43.70 | 23 |
| Honduras | 28.80 | 7.78 | 4.72 | 1.49 | 0.40 | 43.19 | 24 |
| Solomon Islands | 28.80 | 1.84 | 10.80 | 1.56 | 0.00 | 43.00 | 25 |
| Bolivia | 28.80 | 3.66 | 9.07 | 1.33 | 0.00 | 42.86 | 26 |
| Timor-Leste | 28.80 | 2.13 | 10.59 | 1.26 | 0.00 | 42.78 | 27 |
| Ghana | 28.03 | 1.93 | 9.59 | 1.57 | 0.19 | 41.31 | 28 |
| Kiribati | 28.80 | 0.64 | 6.46 | 1.32 | 0.00 | 37.22 | 29 |
2.2 聚类结果
图2 K均值聚类SSE值随候选K值变化图Figure 2 Variation of sum of squared errors (SSE) with candidate K values in K-means clustering |
表3 29个国家K均值聚类最终聚类中心(K=3)Table 3 Final K-means cluster centers for 29 countries (K=3) |
| Items | Cluster | ||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Economic factors | 1.593 64 | -0.220 75 | 0.737 87 |
| Political factors | 1.418 68 | -0.167 36 | -0.072 14 |
| Social factors | 0.121 29 | -0.217 69 | 5.078 29 |
| Technological factors | 1.449 09 | -0.298 05 | 3.104 07 |
| Legal and regulatory factors | -0.124 72 | 0.127 03 | -2.801 65 |
Values are Z-standardized scores. |
表4 HPV疫苗合作分类结果Table 4 Clustering results of HPV vaccine cooperation |
| Cluster | Countries (ranked in descending order of total score within each cluster) |
| 1 Technology transfer priority | Indonesia, Viet Nam, Uzbekistan |
| 2 Basic assistance | Sri Lanka, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Armenia, Moldova, Nigeria, Mongolia, Kenya, Lao PDR, Sao Tome and Principe, Bangladesh, Niagara, Djibouti, Papua New Guinea, Cuba, Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Guyana, Honduras, Solomon Island, Bolivia, Timor-Leste, Ghana, Kiribati |
| 3 High barrier | India |
Clusters 1, 2, and 3 correspond to the respective clusters in Table 3. The descriptive names for each cluster were assigned based on the characteristics of their cluster centers. |
