1 资料与方法
1.1 研究人群
1.2 心源性卒中诊断标准
1.3 暴露与结局事件定义
1.4 协变量定义
1.5 统计学分析
2 结果
2.1 心源性卒中患者的基线信息
表1 心源性卒中患者的基线信息Table 1 Baseline information of patients with cardiogenic stroke |
| Characteristics | Anticoagulated (n=142) | Not anticoagulated (n=425) | P value |
| Age/years, $\bar x \pm s$ | 69.99±9.46 | 75.24±9.43 | < 0.001 |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.827 | ||
| Female | 212 (49.88) | 73 (51.41) | |
| Male | 213 (50.12) | 69 (48.59) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 58 (41.13) | 180 (42.45) | 0.860 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 28 (20.29) | 74 (18.41) | 0.718 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 104 (74.82) | 349 (82.12) | 0.079 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 38 (27.34) | 141 (33.25) | 0.232 |
| Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | 12 (8.96) | 294 (70.33) | < 0.001 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc, M (P25, P75) | 4 (3, 5) | 5 (4, 6) | < 0.001 |
| HAS-BLED, M (P25, P75) | 3 (2, 3) | 3 (3, 3) | < 0.001 |
| INR, M (P25, P75) | 1.10 (1.04, 1.35) | 1.07 (1.02, 1.15) | < 0.001 |
| TC/mmol/L, $\bar x \pm s$ | 4.06±0.84 | 4.29±0.97 | 0.033 |
| TG/mmol/L, $\bar x \pm s$ | 1.23±0.82 | 1.15±0.64 | 0.379 |
| HDL-C/mmol/L, $\bar x \pm s$ | 1.31±0.39 | 1.36±0.37 | 0.030 |
| LDL-C/mmol/L, $\bar x \pm s$ | 2.14±0.71 | 2.29±0.76 | 0.026 |
INR, intemational normalized ratio; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. |
2.2 心源性卒中患者抗凝治疗与死亡风险的关联
表2 心源性卒中患者抗凝治疗和死亡风险的关联Table 2 Association between anticoagulant therapy and mortality risk in patients with cardiogenic stroke |
| Model | OR (95%CI) | P value |
| Model 1 | 0.48 (0.31, 0.73) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 0.22 (0.12, 0.38) | < 0.001 |
| Model 3 | 0.22 (0.12, 0.42) | < 0.001 |
| Model 3 (IPTW method) | 0.21 (0.09, 0.50) | < 0.001 |
Model 1 adjusted for gender and age; Model 2 additionally adjusted for smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, and antiplatelet drugs based on Model 1; Model 3 adjusted for variables in Model 2 along with CHA2DS2-VASc score, HAS-BLED score, INR, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; INR, intemational normalized ratio; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. |
2.3 亚组分析
表3 不同亚组中心源性卒中患者抗凝治疗和死亡风险的关联Table 3 Association between anticoagulant therapy and mortality risk in subgroups of cardioembolic stroke patients |
| Variable | OR (95%CI) | P value | P for interaction |
| Gender | 0.465 | ||
| Male | 0.19 (0.06, 0.51) | 0.002 | |
| Female | 0.23 (0.10, 0.54) | < 0.001 | |
| Smoking | 0.921 | ||
| Yes | 0.21 (0.07, 0.63) | 0.006 | |
| No | 0.21 (0.09, 0.47) | < 0.001 | |
| Drinking | 0.243 | ||
| Yes | 0.41 (0.03, 5.41) | 0.507 | |
| No | 0.20 (0.10, 0.39) | < 0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 0.976 | ||
| Yes | 0.24 (0.11, 0.49) | < 0.001 | |
| No | 0.16 (0.04, 0.61) | 0.010 | |
| Diabetes | 0.822 | ||
| Yes | 0.17 (0.05, 0.52) | 0.003 | |
| No | 0.25 (0.11, 0.56) | < 0.001 |
2.4 心源性卒中患者抗凝治疗与脑卒中复发和出血风险的关联
表4 心源性卒中患者抗凝治疗和卒中复发风险的关联Table 4 Association between anticoagulant therapy and recurrent stroke risk in cardioembolic stroke patients |
| Model | OR (95%CI) | P value |
| Model 1 | 2.71 (1.71, 4.29) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 2.27 (1.22, 4.24) | 0.010 |
| Model 3 | 1.87 (0.94, 3.75) | 0.077 |
| Model 3 (IPTW method) | 2.34 (0.99, 5.56) | 0.053 |
The model explanations and abbreviations as in Table 2. |
