基于大五人格特质的2型糖尿病患者健康教育偏好

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2026.03.021

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To explore differences in the Big Five personality traits among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in relation to demographic characteristics and health education preferences and to provide evidence for personalized health education strategies. Methods: In September 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to recruit patients with T2DM from seven community health service centers in Shandong Province, China. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. The 10-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) and a self-developed health education preference questionnaire were used for the assessment. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify personality classifications among the patients. Chi-square tests were applied to compare differences in health education preferences across personality groups, and stratified binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between personality classification and health education preferences. Results: A total of 612 patients were included and categorized into three personality groups: Regular-balanced type (69.8%), introverted-sensitive type (6.4%), and proactive-adaptive type (23.8%). In the univariate analysis, the proportion of patients in the proactive-adaptive group who preferred peer patients as health education providers was significantly lower than that in other personality groups (χ²=6.123, P=0.047). In contrast, patients in the introverted-sensitive group showed a significantly higher preference for health education content that included psychological support than other personality groups (χ²=8.566, P=0.014). In the Logistic regression analysis, using the regular-balanced type as the reference group, proactive-adaptive patients were less likely to prefer peer patients with diabetes as health education providers (OR=0.491, 95%CI: 0.279-0.866, P=0.014). Regarding health education content, proactive-adaptive patients demonstrated a lower preference for research-frontier information (OR=0.565, 95%CI: 0.376-0.848, P=0.006). In terms of educational delivery settings, introverted-sensitive patients were less likely to prefer mobile applications as a means of receiving health education (OR=0.374, 95%CI: 0.165-0.848, P=0.019). When the proactive-adaptive type as the reference group, introverted-sensitive patients showed a significantly higher preference for psychological support content (OR=2.122, 95%CI: 1.029-4.380, P=0.042). Conclusion: Personality traits exhibit substantial heterogeneity among patients with T2DM, and different personality classifications are associated with distinct health education preferences. Personality traits may serve as an important reference for developing individualized health education strategies; however, their effectiveness in improving intervention outcomes requires further validation through future studies.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Personality, Health education, Patient preference, Latent profile analysis

CLC Number:

R193

Siyan YUAN, Hewei MIN, Ping CHEN, Yibo WU, Hongxia CUI, Xuxi ZHANG, Xinying SUN. Health education preferences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on Big Five personality traits[J].Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(3): 600-605.

Figures/Tables 4

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Table 4

References 30

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K	AIC	BIC	aBIC	Entropy	LMRT	BLRT	Proportions for the profiles
1	11 688.399	11 732.567	11 700.819
2	11 593.412	11 664.080	11 613.283	0.804	＜0.001	＜0.001	0.801/0.199
3	11 564.251	11 661.419	11 591.573	0.856	0.023	＜0.001	0.698/0.064/0.239
4	11 554.242	11 677.911	11 589.016	0.691	0.153	＜0.001	0.484/0.224/0.229/0.064
5	11 523.564	11 673.733	11 565.790	0.821	0.572	0.040	0.036/0.127/0.641/0.065/0.131

Items	Regular-balanced (n=427)	Introverted-sensitive (n=39)	Proactive-adaptive (n=146)
Extraversion	6.05±0.67	3.64±0.63	8.85±0.85
Agreeableness	7.66±1.41	7.44±1.60	7.84±1.40
Openness	5.90±1.63	5.90±1.65	6.10±1.70
Neuroticism	4.80±1.89	5.67±1.44	4.33±1.78
Conscientiousness	7.21±1.66	7.15±1.76	8.11±1.50

Items		Regular-balanced (n=427)	Introverted-sensitive (n=39)	Proactive-adaptive (n=146)	χ²	P
Preferred educator
Peers	No	338 (79.2)	32 (82.1)	129 (88.4)	6.123	0.047
	Yes	89 (20.8)	7 (17.9)	17 (11.6)
Preferred format
One-on-one	No	198 (46.4)	14 (35.9)	64 (43.8)	1.706	0.426
	Yes	229 (53.6)	25 (64.1)	82 (56.2)
Health lecture	No	176 (41.2)	17 (43.6)	68 (46.6)	1.292	0.524
	Yes	251 (58.8)	22 (56.4)	78 (53.4)
Group discussion	No	337 (78.9)	31 (79.5)	124 (84.9)	2.514	0.285
	Yes	90 (21.1)	8 (20.5)	22 (15.1)
Preferred content
Diabetes knowledge	No	25 (5.9)	5 (12.8)	5 (3.4)	5.088	0.079
	Yes	402 (94.1)	34 (87.2)	141 (96.6)
Psychological support	No	249 (58.3)	21 (53.8)	104 (71.2)	8.566	0.014
	Yes	178 (41.7)	18 (46.2)	42 (28.8)
Preferred location
Phone/WeChat	No	301 (70.5)	23 (59.0)	96 (65.8)	2.937	0.230
	Yes	126 (29.5)	16 (41.0)	50 (34.2)
Application	No	260 (60.9)	31 (79.5)	87 (59.6)	5.618	0.060
	Yes	167 (39.1)	8 (20.5)	59 (40.4)

Items		β	P	OR	95%CI
Preferred educator (vs. regular-balanced)
Peers	Introverted-sensitive	-0.251	0.571	0.778	0.327-1.852
	Proactive-adaptive	-0.711	0.014	0.491	0.279-0.866
Preferred content (vs. regular-balanced)
Research frontiers	Introverted-sensitive	0.182	0.589	1.199	0.621-2.316
	Proactive-adaptive	-0.571	0.006	0.565	0.376-0.848
Diabetes knowledge	Introverted-sensitive	-1.006	0.061	0.366	0.127-1.049
	Proactive-adaptive	0.417	0.411	1.518	0.562-4.103
Preferred location (vs. regular-balanced)
Application	Introverted-sensitive	-0.983	0.019	0.374	0.165-0.848
	Proactive-adaptive	0.060	0.767	1.062	0.715-1.576
Preferred content (vs. proactive-adaptive)
Psychological support	Regular-balanced	0.571	0.006	1.770	1.179-2.658
	Introverted-sensitive	0.753	0.042	2.122	1.029-4.380
Diabetes knowledge	Regular-balanced	-0.417	0.411	0.659	0.244-1.781
	Introverted-sensitive	-1.423	0.035	0.241	0.064-0.903
Preferred location (vs. proactive-adaptive)
Application	Regular-balanced	-0.060	0.767	0.942	0.635-1.398
	Introverted-sensitive	-1.043	0.018	0.352	0.149-0.836

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Health education preferences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on Big Five personality traits

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