目的: 研究中国健康人外周血中自然杀伤(natural killer，NK)细胞及其亚群的比例和数量，初步确定其正常值范围作为临床检验的参考数值。方法: 选取200例健康成年人，年龄范围为18~87岁，所有受试者被分成6个年龄组：18~30、31~40、41~50、51~60、61~70、71~87岁，收集外周血，以CD16、CD56、CD3、CD19等作为表面标记，使用流式细胞术检测NK细胞及亚群的相对比例及绝对计数。采用SPSS 27.0软件分析数据，计量资料用均数±标准差表示，同时进行t检验、方差分析或秩和检验比较各年龄组和性别组的差异，检验水准α=0.05，以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果: 200例健康成人受试者CD3^-CD56⁺NK细胞的范围为(13.14±7.56)×10⁶/L，CD56^dimCD16⁺NK细胞的范围为(5.23±3.12)×10⁶/L，CD56^brightNK细胞的范围为(85.61±7.40)×10⁶/L，NK T细胞的范围为(4.16±3.34)×10⁶/L，NK B细胞的范围为(0.46±0.24)×10⁶/L。CD3^-CD56⁺NK和NK T细胞在和年龄的相关性方面差异无统计学意义(P=0.417，P=0.217)；随着年龄的增长，NK B和CD56^dimCD16⁺NK细胞的数量有一定的下降趋势(r=0.234，P < 0.001；r=0.099，P < 0.001)，尤其是在50岁以后更加明显；CD56^brightNK则随着年龄增长有上升趋势(r=0.143， P < 0.001)。结论: NK细胞及其亚群的检测对于自身免疫病、感染性疾病和肿瘤的诊断、治疗和预后分析具有重要参考价值；本研究为临床检测NK细胞亚群提供了初步的参考范围，但尚需扩大例数，进行多中心试验以进一步明确。

Objective: To study the distribution characteristics of natural killer (NK) cells and their subsets in normal peripheral blood in China, and to explore their normal value and significance. Methods: In this study, peripheral blood was collected from 200 healthy adults. Their age range was 18-87 years. All the subjects were divided into 6 age groups: 18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, and 71-87 years. With CD16, CD56, CD4, CD19, as surface markers, fluid cytology detection techniques were used to detect NK cells and the relative and absolute counts. SPSS 27.0 was used for systematic analysis of the data, and the measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviations. A t test, variance analysis or rank sum test were performed to compare the differences between the age groups and the sex groups. The significance level was set at α=0.05, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The range of NK B cells in the 200 healthy adult subjects was (0.46±0.24)×10⁶/L, that of CD3^-CD56⁺NK cells was (13.14±7.56)×10⁶/L, that of CD56^dimCD16⁺NK cells was (5.23±3.12)×10⁶/L, that of CD56^brightNK cells was (85.61±7.40)×10⁶/L, and that of NK T cells was (4.16±3.34)×10⁶/L. There were no statistically significant differences in CD3^-CD56⁺NK cells and NK T cells with respect to age (P= 0.417, P=0.217). However, there was a decreasing trend in the number of NK B cells and CD56^dimCD16⁺NK cells with increasing age (r=0.234, P < 0.001; r=0.099, P < 0.001), particularly after the age of 50. Conversely, CD56^brightNK cells showed an increasing trend with age (r=0.143, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The detection of NK cells and their subsets has significant reference value for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and tumors. This study provides a preliminary reference range for clinical detection of NK cell subsets, but further research with a larger sample size and multi-center trials are needed to confirm these findings.