1 资料与方法
1.1 研究地区
1.2 数据来源
1.3 研究方法
1.3.1 改进的两步移动搜寻法
表1 空间可及性公式参数含义Table 1 Description of parameters used in the spatial accessibility model |
| Parameters | Definition | Indicator |
| Ai | Spatial accessibility of residential location i | Number of beds per 1 000 children; Number of physicians per 1 000 children |
| Sj | Service capacity of healthcare institution j | Pediatric resources of each healthcare institution |
| Dk | Number of population at residential location k | Child population at location k |
| dij | Impedance between residential location i and healthcare institution j | Travel time by driving |
| d0 | Travel time threshold | 120 minutes for bed accessibility; 60 minutes for physician accessibility |
| n | Number of destination points | Number of healthcare institutions |
| m | Number of origin points | Number of population locations |
| β | Distance decay coefficient | 1.5 |
1.3.2 可及性差异最小化的优化模型
2 结果
2.1 2022年儿科资源基本情况
2.2 儿科资源空间可及性
2.2.1 儿科执业(助理)医师
2.2.2 儿科床位
2.3 儿科资源空间布局优化
2.3.1 儿科执业(助理)医师
2.3.2 儿科床位空间布局优化
表2 两种方法预测2025年和2030年应新增床位数比较Table 2 Comparison of additional pediatric beds required in 2025 and 2030 predicted by two methods |
| District | A | B | B-A | ABP | |||||
| 2025 | 2030 | 2025 | 2030 | 2025 | 2030 | ||||
| Changping | 568 | 651 | 723 | 83 | 155 | 9 | 2 | ||
| Chaoyang | 852 | 984 | 927 | 132 | 75 | 153 | 94 | ||
| Daxing | 225 | 631 | 676 | 406 | 451 | 245 | 207 | ||
| Dongcheng | 245 | 219 | 158 | / | / | 57 | 45 | ||
| Fangshan | 321 | 436 | 434 | 115 | 113 | 41 | 37 | ||
| Fengtai | 219 | 539 | 477 | 320 | 258 | 29 | 20 | ||
| Haidian | 470 | 847 | 690 | 377 | 220 | 44 | 30 | ||
| Huairou | 105 | 122 | 104 | 17 | / | 138 | 124 | ||
| Mentougou | 68 | 112 | 103 | 44 | 35 | 203 | 237 | ||
| Miyun | 92 | 160 | 159 | 68 | 67 | 198 | 139 | ||
| Pinggu | 78 | 153 | 150 | 75 | 72 | 172 | 112 | ||
| Shijingshan | 85 | 163 | 171 | 78 | 86 | 54 | 50 | ||
| Shunyi | 281 | 400 | 379 | 119 | 98 | 6 | 2 | ||
| Tongzhou | 214 | 572 | 620 | 358 | 406 | 203 | 186 | ||
| Xicheng | 830 | 352 | 256 | / | / | 46 | 30 | ||
| Yanqing | 51 | 98 | 99 | 47 | 48 | 137 | 107 | ||
| Total | 4 704 | 6 439 | 6 126 | 1 735 | 1 422 | 1 735 | 1 422 | ||
“/” indicates that no additional beds are required. A, beds per district after allocating specialty hospital beds; B, total beds based on policy target; B-A, additional beds required based on policy target; ABP, additional beds predicted by the optimization model. |
