1 资料与方法
1.1 研究对象
1.2 数据收集
1.3 统计学分析
2 结果
2.1 患者基本特征
2.2 AKI危险因素的单因素分析
表1 AKI组与非AKI组基线资料对比Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between AKI group and non-AKI group |
| Variable | Non-AKI group (n=87) | AKI group (n=39) | χ2/t/Z | P |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.220 | 0.652 | ||
| Male | 68 (78.2) | 29 (74.4) | ||
| Female | 19 (21.8) | 10 (25.6) | ||
| Age/years, $\bar x \pm s$ | 70.34±9.01 | 68.46±8.48 | 1.104 | 0.272 |
| BMI/(kg/m2), $\bar x \pm s$ | 24.06±2.82 | 23.72±3.98 | 0.542 | 0.589 |
| Symptom, n (%) | 0.712 | 0.512 | ||
| Asymptomatic | 7 (8.0) | 5 (12.8) | ||
| Symptomatic | 80 (92.0) | 34 (87.2) | ||
| Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 61 (70.1) | 29 (74.4) | 0.238 | 0.675 |
| Diabetes | 32 (36.8) | 12 (30.8) | 0.428 | 0.551 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 23 (26.4) | 12 (30.8) | 0.252 | 0.669 |
| ASA grade, n (%) | 2.048 | 0.359 | ||
| Ⅰ | 4 (4.6) | 0 (0) | ||
| Ⅱ | 63 (72.4) | 31 (79.5) | ||
| Ⅲ-Ⅳ | 20 (23.0) | 8 (20.5) | ||
| Surgical approach, n (%) | 5.751 | 0.018 | ||
| Laparoscopic | 58 (66.7) | 34 (87.2) | ||
| Robotic | 29 (33.3) | 5 (12.8) | ||
| Tumor side, n (%) | 0.301 | 0.695 | ||
| Left | 40 (46.0) | 19 (51.4) | ||
| Right | 47 (54.0) | 18 (48.6) | ||
| Tumor size/cm, $\bar x \pm s$ | 3.11±1.97 | 3.47±1.13 | -1.081 | 0.282 |
| R.E.N.A.L. scores, n (%) | 3.199 | 0.202 | ||
| Low risk | 35 (40.2) | 10 (25.6) | ||
| Moderate risk | 35 (40.2) | 22 (56.4) | ||
| High risk | 17 (19.6) | 7 (18.0) | ||
| Duration of the surgery/min, M (P25, P75) | 136 (112, 169) | 155 (120, 196) | -1.887 | 0.059 |
| Duration of renal artery occlusion/min, M (P25, P75) | 18 (13, 25) | 25 (20, 30) | -4.257 | < 0.001 |
| Intraoperative bleeding/mL, M (P25, P75) | 20 (10, 50) | 50 (20, 200) | -2.200 | 0.028 |
| Complication, n (%) | 5 (5.7) | 4 (10.3) | 0.826 | 0.457 |
| Length of hospital stay/d, M (P25, P75) | 6 (5, 7) | 6 (4, 7) | -0.379 | 0.705 |
| Pathologic subtype, n (%) | 0.177 | 0.916 | ||
| ccRCC | 67 (77.0) | 31 (79.5) | ||
| Non-ccRCC | 16 (18.4) | 6 (15.4) | ||
| Benign tumor | 4 (4.6) | 2 (5.1) | ||
| Baseline creatinine/(μmol/L), $\bar x \pm s$ | 113.03±27.42 | 120.82±49.04 | -1.139 | 0.257 |
| CKD stage, n (%) | 0.860 | 0.381 | ||
| CKD 3a | 67 (77.0) | 27 (69.2) | ||
| CKD 3b | 20 (23.0) | 12 (30.8) | ||
| Postoperative creatinine/(μmol/L), $\bar x \pm s$ | 114.33±27.42 | 185.56±102.11 | -5.850 | < 0.001 |
| Absolute increase in creatinine/(μmol/L), $\bar x \pm s$ | 1.30±27.21 | 64.74±84.25 | -6.747 | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine elevation rate/%, $\bar x \pm s$ | 0.98±15.72 | 57.43±92.16 | -5.561 | < 0.001 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; R.E.N.A.L., radius, exophytic/endophytic, nearness, anterior/posterior, location; ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; CKD, chronic kidney disease. |
2.3 AKI危险因素的多因素分析
表2 肾部分切除术后发生AKI的多因素Logistic回归模型分析Table 2 Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis of AKI occurrence after partial nephrectomy |
| Variable | OR | 95%CI | Wald | Pa |
| Surgical approach | ||||
| Laparoscopic | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
| Robotic | 0.302 | 0.086-1.067 | 3.458 | 0.063 |
| Duration of renal artery occlusion | 1.105 | 1.041-1.173 | 10.758 | 0.001 |
| Intraoperative bleeding | 1.004 | 1.000-1.007 | 16.788 | 0.046 |
a, P value refers to multivariate Logistic regression with enter methods. AKI, acute kidney injury. |
