1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
表1 16例输尿管狭窄患者一般临床资料Table 1 General clinical data of 16 patients with ureteral stricture |
| Case No. | Gender | Age/years | Laterality | Pathogenesis | Double J stent duration/months |
| 1 | F | 56 | Bilateral | Retroperitoneal fibrosis | 24 |
| 2 | F | 46 | Left | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 15 |
| 3 | F | 55 | Bilateral | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 20 |
| 4 | F | 53 | Left | Immune-related ureteral granuloma | 19 |
| 5 | F | 67 | Bilateral | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 3 |
| 6 | F | 52 | Left | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 20 |
| 7 | F | 71 | Bilateral | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 60 |
| 8 | M | 67 | Left | Radiotherapy after colon cancer surgery | 12 |
| 9 | M | 65 | Right | Chemoradiation for ureteral carcinoma | 4 |
| 10 | F | 30 | Bilateral | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 2 |
| 11 | F | 62 | Bilateral | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 36 |
| 12 | F | 63 | Right | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 19 |
| 13 | F | 61 | Right | Chemoradiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 20 |
| 14 | F | 57 | Bilateral | Chemoradiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 8 |
| 15 | F | 62 | Right | Radiotherapy after cervical cancer surgery | 54 |
| 16 | M | 66 | Left | Retroperitoneal fibrosis | 10 |
F, female; M, male. |
1.2 经尿道内镜行支架置入术
图1 梅莫凯斯-051型输尿管支架置入术操作步骤Figure 1 Procedural steps of Memokath-051 ureteral stent insertion A, retrograde pyelography demonstrating the length of the ureteral stricture; B, deployment of the Memokath-051 stent with its proximal end placed 1 cm above the stricture segment; C, injection of 55 ℃ normal saline to expand the proximal stent into a funnel shape. |
1.3 观察指标
1.4 统计学分析
2 结果
2.1 置入梅莫凯斯-051型输尿管支架情况
2.2 并发症发生情况
图2 梅莫凯斯-051型输尿管支架内血凝块堵塞后双J管置入术及术后肾-输尿管-膀胱平片Figure 2 Management of intraluminal blood clot obstruction in a Memokath-051 ureteral stent with double-J stent placement and postoperative kidney-ureter-bladder plain film A, blood clot occlusion within the lumen of the Memokath-051 ureteral stent; B, insertion of a 5F/26 cm double-J stent through the Memokath-051 stent; C, kidney-ureter-bladder plain film after placement of the double-J stent inside a Memokath-051 ureteral stent. |
表2 16例患者23侧梅莫凯斯-051型输尿管支架置入术后并发症Table 2 Complications in 16 patients (23 renal units) undergoing Memokath-051 ureteral stent placement |
| Patients | Stents | Length/cm | Complication | Clavien-Dindo grade | Management |
| 1 | 1 | 15 | Occlusion | Ⅲ | Double J stenting in lumen (2 weeks) |
| 1 | 2 | 20 | Occlusion | Ⅲ | Double J stenting in lumen (2 weeks) |
| 2 | 3 | 25 | None | ||
| 3 | 4 | 15 | Pain | Ⅰ | Analgesics |
| 3 | 5 | 10 | None | ||
| 4 | 6 | 15 | Migration | Ⅲ | Stent replacement |
| 5 | 7 | 20 | None | ||
| 5 | 8 | 20 | None | ||
| 6 | 9 | 15 | Stone obstruction | Ⅲ | Stent replacement |
| 7 | 10 | 20 | Tissue obstruction | Ⅲ | Stent replacement |
| 8 | 11 | 10 | Tissue obstruction | Ⅲ | Stent replacement |
| 8 | 12 | 20 | None | ||
| 9 | 13 | 15 | None | ||
| 10 | 14 | 25 | Fever | Ⅱ | Antibiotics |
| 10 | 15 | 15 | Fever | Ⅱ | Antibiotics |
| 11 | 16 | 20 | None | ||
| 11 | 17 | 20 | Pain | Ⅰ | Analgesics |
| 12 | 18 | 25 | None | ||
| 13 | 19 | 25 | None | ||
| 14 | 20 | 15 | Pain | Ⅰ | Analgesics |
| 14 | 21 | 20 | None | ||
| 15 | 22 | 25 | Pain | Ⅰ | Analgesics |
| 16 | 23 | 25 | Pain | Ⅰ | Analgesics |
2.3 随访指标改善情况
表3 术前及术后血肌酐、肾积水变化情况比较Table 3 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine and hydronephrosis |
| Items | Preoperative | 3 months postoperatively | 6 months postoperatively | 12 months postoperatively | χ2 | P |
| Scr/(μmol/L), M (P25, P75) | 186.80 (111.80, 244.93) | 103.05 (96.20, 135.97) | 97.45 (87.18, 124.50) | 105.90 (87.08, 126.45) | 19.50 | <0.01 |
| Width of hydronephrosis/cm, M (P25, P75) | 3.20 (2.78, 3.40) | 2.05 (1.08, 2.20) | 1.98 (1.08, 2.10) | 1.69 (1.23, 2.30) | 27.94 | <0.01 |
Friedman test showed significant improvements in both indicators at all postoperative time points compared with preoperative values P<0.01. Scr, serum creatinine. |
表4 术前及术后USSQ评分比较Table 4 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative USSQ scores |
| USSQ domain | Preoperative | 3 months postoperatively | t | P |
| Urinary symptoms | 34.75±2.34 | 23.75±3.26 | 11.10 | <0.001 |
| Physical pain | 6.50±2.26 | 3.00±1.22 | 5.27 | <0.001 |
| General health status | 14.19±1.52 | 9.37±2.09 | 7.24 | <0.001 |
| Work performance | 9.06±1.18 | 4.44±1.09 | 10.58 | <0.001 |
All data are presented as |
