Abstract: Objective： To study the clinical effect of the oxygen drive aerosol in halation with bude-sonide and ambroxol in the prevention of adult post-thoracotomy pneumonia. Methods： This was a randomized, open and parallel controlled trial. We chose 80 cases of patients in the department of thoracic surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University which fitted our criteria as the research object. The  selected patients were randomly divided into the active group and the control group, and the active group underwent oxygen drive aerosol inhalation (2 mg budesonide combined 60 mg am-broxol) for 3 days before operation, and the control group without preoperative aerosol inhalation, and their postoperative therapy was the same. Results： The baseline data showed that the differences in sex, age, disease and smoking were not statistically significant between the two groups, P>0.05. The results of blood gas analysis before 12 hours of operation suggested that, the PaO2 and PaCO2 values of the active group were (88.40±9.40) mmHg and (38.30±6.10) mmHg; The PaO2 and PaCO2 values of the control group were (85.09±7.18) mmHg and (41.21±3.15) mmHg. And the two groups’ P values were 0.029 and 0.011, with statistical differences. There were 3 patients who developed postoperative pneumonia out of 40 patients in the active group, the incidence was 7.50%, but the incidence of control group was 25.00%. The P value was 0.034, with statistical differences. We also analyzed the influence of different diseases and surgical methods on postoperative pneumonia, and the results showed that in the active group and the control group, the incidence of postoperative pneumonia in the patients with esophageal cancer was lower than that in lung cancer patients, and there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In the active group, the numbers of pulmonary deed resection, lobectomy and pulmonary sleeve resection were 2, 21 and 1 cases respectively, and the corresponding numbers in the control group were 2, 21 and 2. Among the two groups, the incidence of postoperative pneumonia in the patients with different surgical methods of lung cancer was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion： If we implement respiratory preparation with budesonide plus ambroxol inhalation for 3 days before operation, we can greatly reduce the incidence of postoperative pneumonia．

Key words: Budesonide, Ambroxol, Aerosol inhalation, Post-thoracotomy, Pneumonia