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Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 1130-1137. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.06.027

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Influence of thread shapes of custom-made root-analogue implants on stress distribution of peri-implant bone: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

Chun-ping LIN1,Song-he LU2,Jun-xin ZHU2,Hong-cheng HU2,Zhao-guo YUE2,Zhi-hui TANG2,△()   

  1. 1. Department of Periodontitis, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2017-10-10 Online:2019-12-18 Published:2019-12-19
  • Contact: Zhi-hui TANG E-mail:zhihui_tang@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB1101200)

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Abstract:

Objective: To explore the effects from the thread shapes of custom-made root-analogue implant (RAI) on distributions of von Mises stress around the peri-implant bone.Methods: Five one-stage RAI three-dimensional finite element (FE) models with different thread shapes (V-shaped design, square design, buttress design, reverse buttress design and none thread design) and congruent bone were created through reverse engineering technology. The data of the five models were imported into the FE analysis software to calculate. A force of 100 N was applied parallelly and of 45° to the implant axis respectively. Analysis was performed to evaluate the von Mises stress distributions at the peri-implant regions with the help of the Ansys 16 software.Results: The von Mises stresses distributed mostly at the implant cervical regions and the tip ends of the threads on the cortical bone under oblique loading, while on the cancellous bone, the stresses concentrated mostly on the implant lateral cervical regions, the tip ends of the threads and the apical regions. When under vertical loading, the von Mises stresses distributed mostly at the implant cervical regions on the cortical bone while at the tip ends of the threads and the lateral apical regions on the cancellous bone. The von Mises stresses were better distributed on the thread groups under both kinds of loadings compared with no thread design. But there was no obvious difference among the different thread groups. The concentrations of the von Mises stresses on the cancellous bone in the thread groups were mostly at the tip ends of the threads while less in the apical area. The von Mises stresses were better distributed on the cancellous bone on the other three thread designs than on square design.Conclusion: Thread designs are advocated for the reason that adding thread designs to the RAI standard design will have a positive effect on stress distributions at the peri-implant regions and it will reduce the concentrations of von Mises stresses on the cortical bone. From the standpoint of the stress distribution, V-shaped design, buttress design and reverse buttress design are more suitable for RAI than square design. There is no difference of the distributions of the von Mises stresses in the RAI between different thread designs.

Key words: Implant screws, Dental implants, Finite element analysis, Dental stress analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R783.6

Figure 1

CBCT image and CAD model of the anterior maxilla A, the CBCT model to measure the thick of the lateral and palatal cortical bone; B, the CAD model of the tooth and the bone. CBCT, cone beam computer tomography; CAD, computer aided design."

Figure 2

Different root analogue implant (RAI) models and schematic representation of the screw shapes"

Table 1

Summary of the material properties used for the finite element analysis"

Materials Young’s modulus E (GPa) Poisson’s ratio ν
Titanium 110.00 0.30
Cortical bone 13.70 0.30
Cancellous bone 1.37 0.30
Porcelain 70.00 0.19

Figure 3

The black vectors indicating the direction of the applied vertical and oblique forces a, oblique loading of 45° to the the implant axis; b, vertical loading."

Figure 4

Distribution patterns of von Mises stress under oblique loading components on cortical bone, cancellous bone and in RAI in cross-sectional view A, distribution patterns of von Mises stress on cortical bone; B, distribution patterns of von Mises stress on cancellous bone; C, distribution patterns of von Mises stress in RAI. M0, none thread design; M1, V thread design; M2, square design; M3, buttress design; M4, reverse buttress design; RAI, root-analogue implant."

Table 2

Maximum von Mises stress in the cortical and cancellous bone, RAI under vertical and oblique loads"

Model M0 M1 M2 M3 M4
Under oblique loading/MPa
Cortical bone 50.9 41.8 37.0 43.4 42.4
Cancellous bone 4.78 17.90 17.00 15.50 14.70
RAI 177.4 151.4 164.3 190.7 170.1
Under vertical loading/MPa
Cortical bone 11.1 11.2 11.7 10.2 10.7
Cancellous bone 1.68 9.03 8.61 7.47 7.40
RAI 33.8 31.3 35.1 34.0 31.2

Figure 5

Distribution patterns of von Mises stress under vertical loading components on cortical bone, cancellous bone and in RAI in cross-sectional view A, distribution patterns of von Mises stress on cortical bone; B, distribution patterns of von Mises stress on cancellous bone; C, distribution patterns of von Mises stress in RAI. Abbreviations as in Figure 4."

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