Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 803-808. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.05.002

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Detection and evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid contamination in corona virus disease 19 ward surroundings and the surface of medical staff’s protective equipment

Xiao-ning YUAN1,Qing-yang MENG2,Ning SHEN3,(),Yu-xuan LI4,Chao LIANG3,Man CUI5,Qing-gang GE4,Xiao-guang LI6,Kun TAN7,Qian CHEN8,Jing WANG9,Xiao-yong ZENG9   

  1. 1. Department of Hospital Infection Control, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    2. Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    3. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    4. Department of Intensive Care Unit, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    6. Department of Infectious Disease, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
    7. Department of Hospital Infection Control, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
    8. Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
    9. Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
  • Received:2020-05-20 Online:2020-10-18 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Ning SHEN E-mail:puh3shenning@bjmu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Objective: To determine the environmental contamination degree of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards, to offer gui-dance for the infection control and to improve safety practices for medical staff, by sampling and detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid from the air of hospital wards, the high-frequency contact surfaces in the contaminated area and the surfaces of medical staff’s protective equipment in a COVID-19 designated hospital in Wuhan, China. Methods: From March 11 to March 19, 2020, we collected air samples from the clean area, the buffer room and the contaminated area respectively in the COVID-19 wards using a portable bioaerosol concentrator WA-15. And sterile premoistened swabs were used to sample the high-frequency contacted surfaces in the contaminated area and the surfaces of medical staff's protective equipment including outermost gloves, tracheotomy operator’s positive pressure respiratory protective hood and isolation clothing. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid of the samples were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. During the isolation medical observation period, those medical staff who worked in the COVID-19 wards were detected for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid with oropharyngeal swabs, IgM and IgG antibody in the sera, and chest CT scans to confirm the infection status of COVID-19. Results: No SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was detected in the tested samples, including the 90 air samples from the COVID-19 wards including clean area, buffer room and contaminated area, the 38 high-frequency contact surfaces samples of the contaminated area and 16 surface samples of medical staff’s protective equipment including outermost gloves and isolation clothing. Moreover, detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by oropharyngeal swabs and IgM, IgG antibodies in the sera of all the health-care workers who participated in the treatment for COVID-19 were all negative. Besides, no chest CT scan images of medical staff exhibited COVID-19 lung presentations. Conclusion: Good ventilation conditions, strict disinfection of environmental facilities in hospital wards, guidance for correct habits in patients, and strict hand hygiene during medical staff are important to reduce the formation of viral aerosols, cut down the aerosol load, and avoid cross-infection in isolation wards. In the face of infectious diseases that were not fully mastered but ma-naged as class A, it is safe for medical personnel to be equipped at a high level.

Key words: Coronavirus infections, Pneumonia, viral, Disease transmission, infectious, Health personnel, Patient isolation

CLC Number: 

  • R563.12

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the ward in a COVID-19 designated hospital in Wuhan, China"

Table 1

The results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in the air samples from the COVID-19 wards"

Location Not detected
Elevator room in clean area 2
Changing room in clean area 4
Offices in clean area 4
Personal protective equipment preparation area 2
Changing room of masks and hats 2
Room for removing protective suit 2
Room for removing gown 3
Intake entrance room 6
Nurses station 6
Therapeutic department 6
Corridors in the wards 9
Room for positive nucleic acid patients 28
Room for negative nucleic acid patients 6
Empty rooms 6
Rooms for tracheotomy 4
Total 90

Table 2

The results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in the contact surfaces samples of the contaminated area from the COVID-19 wards"

Surfaces Not detected
Control card for contaminated area 2
Door handle of wars 3
Bedside table 3
Beeper 3
Bed bar 3
Infusion pump 3
Ventilator operation panel 3
Faucet 3
Basin 3
Apparatus button 3
Toilet seat 3
The head of the bed after tracheotomy 3
The foot of the bed after tracheotomy 3
Total 38

Table 3

The results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in the surface samples of medical staff’s protective equipment from the COVID-19 wards"

Surface samples of medical staff’s protective equipment Not
detected
Tracheotomy operator’s positive pressure respiratory protective hood 3
Tracheotomy operator’s isolation clothing 3
Outermost gloves before 5
Contact with the patients outermost gloves after contact with the patients 5
Total 16
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