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Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences) ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 126-132. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.01.019

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Measurement of the weight and volume of submandibular gland in vitro

WANG Yi-ping1,CAI Zhi-gang1,PENG Xin1,ZHANG Jie1,SUN Zhi-peng2,LI Wei1,ZHANG Lei1,Δ(),YU Guang-yan1,Δ()   

  1. 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Department of Oral Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2020-07-18 Online:2021-02-18 Published:2021-02-07
  • Contact: Lei ZHANG,Guang-yan YU E-mail:zhlei_doctor@sina.com;gyyu@263.net
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(81974151);National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(81671005)

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Abstract:

Objective: To measure the weight and volume of normal submandibular gland by in vitro detection of glandular body, to compare with the measurement values of CT volume rendering to evaluate the consistency of the two methods, and to explore the related factors affecting the weight and volume of the submandibular gland.Methods: The patients who underwent neck dissection due to oral cancer and were confirmed with normal submandibular gland by postoperative histopathology in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from May 2019 to January 2020 were collected in this study and divi-ded into 4 groups according to the age standards raised by the Society of Geriatrics Chinese Medical Association and WHO (2000) age standards. The submandibular gland was carefully dissected along with the capsule immediately after neck dissection. The weight and volume of submandibular gland were accurately measured by an integrated aseptic measuring device. The volume of submandibular gland was measured by CT volume rendering before operation and the consistency of the two methods was evaluated. The 95% confidence interval of the weight and volume of submandibular gland in the different groups of Chinese people, which were divided by gender and age, were calculated, and the correlation with age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and other factors was analyzed.Results: The weight and vo-lume of submandibular gland were measured in 220 subjects. The average weight and volume of submandibular gland were (11.69±2.45) g and (11.55±2.41) cm3 respectively. The volume of submandibular gland measured by CT volume rendering ranged from 70% to 82% of that measured by in vitro detection of glandular body, and the correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.976 (P<0.05). The gender difference of weight and volume of submandibular gland existed in the groups of youth, middle-aged, young elderly and elderly groups, the values of males were obviously higher than those of females (P<0.05). There was no gender difference of weight and volume of submandibular gland in the adolescent group (P>0.05). The weight and volume of submandibular gland had a strong positive correlation with body height (P<0.05), a weak positive correlation with body weight (P<0.05), and no correlation with BMI (P>0.05). The female’s weight and volume of submandibular gland in the young elderly and elderly groups were significantly lower than those in the other three groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The normal reference range of the weight and volume of submandibular gland in vitro were established in different age and gender groups of Chinese people. The volume of submandibular gland mea-sured by CT volume rendering was 70%-82% of that measured by in vitro detection of glandular body. The results of the two methods had a high degree of consistency. The weight and volume of submandibular gland were related to age, gender, body height and body weight.

Key words: Submandibular gland, Volume, Weight, CT volume rendering

CLC Number: 

  • R782.7

Figure 1

An integrated aseptic measuring device for weight and volume of tissue in vitro"

Figure 2

CT three-dimensional reconstruction of the submandibular gland The contour of submandibular gland (A-F) was defined layer by layer in axial images using Iplan CMF software, and the 3D reconstruction images (G, front view; H, right view; I, top view) were generated."

Figure 3

The procedures of measurement for weight and volume of submandibular gland by an integrated aseptic measuring device A, the submandibular gland was carefully dissected around the capsule immediately after neck dissection and ducts were removed; B, before weighing, use 100.00 g weight symmetry device for calibration; C, put normal saline into the cup, recorded as m1 and h1 after the reading number was stable; D, put the gland into the cup and made the liquid level completely submerge the gland, recorded as m2 and h2 after the reading number was stable, then calculated the weight and volume of the gland."

Table 1

The demographic characteristics of 220 normal subjects"

Gender Age group/years n Mean height/cm Mean weight/kg Mean BMI
Male <25 20 172.63±10.19 69.15±16.99 23.02±4.43
25-44 30 175.00±4.03 76.87±9.86 25.06±2.69
45-60 30 174.17±4.28 74.23±7.86 24.46±2.44
>60 30 171.17±4.67 72.75±9.51 24.85±3.34
Total 110 173.3±5.95 73.62±11.12 24.47±3.23
F 2.485 2.083 1.859
P 0.065 0.107 0.141
Female <25 20 161.93±8.21 59±12.72 22.31±3.45
25-44 30 163.21±5.72 61.87±7.72 23.20±2.44
45-60 30 161.7±4.44 66.37±12.31 25.32±4.22
>60 30 158.01±3.96 62.23±7.22 24.93±2.80
Total 110 161.15±5.83 62.67±10.23 24.09±3.45
F 4.827 2.324 4.746
P 0.003 0.079 0.004

Table 2

Weight and volumes of submandibular glands in different age and gender groups of the normal subjects"

Gender and age group In vitro Volume by CT/cm3
Weight/g Volume/cm3
Male
<25 years (n=20) 12.29±2.82 (10.97-13.61) 12.07±2.87 (10.97-13.61) 9.48±2.42 (8.35-10.62)
25-44 years (n=30) 13.25±2.54 (12.31-14.20) 13.13±2.66 (12.14-14.13) 10.22±2.13 (9.43-11.02)
45-60 years (n=30) 12.88±1.99 (12.14-13.62) 12.7±1.90 (11.99-13.41) 9.97±1.40 (9.45-10.50)
>60 years (n=30) 12.44±1.70 (11.80-13.07) 12.21±1.65 (11.59-12.83) 9.26±1.17 (8.82-9.70)
Total (n=110) 12.80±2.29 (12.36-13.23) 12.62±2.31 (12.18-13.05) 9.76±1.81 (9.42-10.10)
F 1.001 1.227 1.729
P 0.395 0.304 0.166
Female
<25 years (n=20) 10.86±2.07 (9.89-11.82) 10.65±1.94 (9.74-12.55) 7.75±1.39 (7.09-8.40)
25-44 years (n=30) 11.31±1.77 (10.65-11.97) 11.13±1.72 (10.49-11.77) 8.24±1.21 (7.79-8.69)
45-60 years (n=30) 10.72±2.09 (9.94-11.50) 10.77±2.03 (10.01-11.53) 8.10±1.48 (7.55-8.65)
>60 years (n=30) 9.57±2.12 (8.78-10.37) 9.47±2.04 (8.71-10.23) 7.31±1.59 (6.71-7.90)
Total (n=110) 10.59±2.09 (10.20-10.99) 10.49±2.02 (10.11-10.87) 7.86±1.46 (7.58-8.13)
F 3.984 4.157 2.526
P 0.01 0.008 0.061

Figure 4

Scatter plot of weight and volume of submandibular gland with body height, body weight and body mass index(BMI)"

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