北京大学学报(医学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 1001-1008. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.06.003
甘雨舟1,李玉慧1,张丽华2,马琳3,何文雯4,金月波1,安媛1,栗占国1,叶华1,△()
Yu-zhou GAN1,Yu-hui LI1,Li-hua ZHANG2,Lin MA3,Wen-wen HE4,Yue-bo JIN1,Yuan AN1,Zhan-guo LI1,Hua YE1,△()
摘要:
目的:比较临床无肌病性皮肌炎(clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis, CADM)和皮肌炎(dermatomyositis, DM)的临床及免疫学特征。方法:选择2010年1月—2019年12月在北京大学人民医院风湿免疫科住院的106例CADM和158例DM患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,对两组患者的临床及免疫学指标进行比较,探讨肌炎抗体在CADM和DM中的的分布特点及临床意义,其中,肌炎抗体的检测采用免疫印迹法。结果:在临床表现方面,与DM相比,CADM更多地以肺间质病变(interstial lung diseases, ILD)起病(20.7% vs. 7.6%, P=0.002),且以急性ILD为主(58.3% vs. 26%, P<0.001),而在皮疹、合并其他结缔组织病和恶性肿瘤等方面,CADM与DM差异无统计学意义,CADM类风湿因子和抗核抗体的阳性率均低于DM。CADM最常见的肌炎特异性抗体(myositis specific autoantibodies, MSAs)为抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(melanoma differentiation related genes, MDA5, 36%)、抗PL-7(11.2%)及抗TIF-1γ(10.1%);DM最常见的MSAs为抗Jo-1(19.2%)、抗TIF-1γ(11.5%)及抗MDA5(11.5%)。抗MDA5与急性ILD及皮肤破溃相关,但在CADM中皮肤破溃与抗MDA5的滴度无关,而在DM中皮肤破溃与高滴度的抗MDA5相关。在DM中,抗TIF-1γ与向阳疹、V领/披肩征、甲周炎,以及合并恶性肿瘤相关,且合并恶性肿瘤的比例与抗TIF-1γ的滴度无关;在CADM中,抗TIF-1γ与临床表现及合并症无明显相关性。CADM及DM中最常见肌炎相关抗体均为抗Ro-52,抗Ro-52在CADM中与雷诺现象和慢性ILD相关,在DM中与技工手、发热,以及合并其他结缔组织病相关。结论:与DM相比,CADM-ILD以急性为主,肌炎抗体在CADM与DM中具有不同的分布特点;同一种肌炎抗体在CADM及DM中的临床意义也存在区别,且部分肌炎抗体的临床意义还与滴度相关。
中图分类号:
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