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北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 220-226. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.01.034

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于赋权形态学分析的三维面部对称参考平面构建方法

朱玉佳1,2,赵一姣1,2,郑盛文3,4,温奥楠1,2,傅湘玲3,4,Δ(),王勇1,2,Δ()   

  1. 1.北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,口腔医学数字化研究中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081
    2.北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔修复教研室,北京 100081
    3.北京邮电大学计算机学院(国家示范性软件学院),北京 100876
    4.北京邮电大学可信分布式计算与服务教育部重点实验室,北京 100876
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-10 出版日期:2021-02-18 发布日期:2021-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 傅湘玲,王勇 E-mail:fuxiangling@bupt.edu.cn;kqcadc@bjmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81870815);国家自然科学基金(82071171);北京大学口腔医院实验室开放课题(PKUSS20190501);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2018BEG02012)

A method for constructing three-dimensional face symmetry reference plane based on weighted shape analysis algorithm

ZHU Yu-jia1,2,ZHAO Yi-jiao1,2,ZHENG Sheng-wen3,4,WEN Ao-nan1,2,FU Xiang-ling3,4,Δ(),WANG Yong1,2,Δ()   

  1. 1. Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    3. School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing 100876, China
    4. Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
  • Received:2020-10-10 Online:2021-02-18 Published:2021-02-07
  • Contact: Xiang-ling FU,Yong WANG E-mail:fuxiangling@bupt.edu.cn;kqcadc@bjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81870815);National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071171);Open Subject Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology(PKUSS20190501);Key R&D Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China(2018BEG02012)

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摘要：

目的: 建立一种基于三维形态学分析的赋权普氏分析(weighted Procrustes analysis,WPA)方法,实现对下颌偏斜患者面部解剖标志点不对称程度量化赋权的三维面部对称参考平面自动化构建。方法: 临床收集下颌偏斜患者30例,基于本体-镜像关联法的普氏分析(Procrustes analysis,PA)算法和自主研发的WPA算法,分别构建每名患者三维面部模型的对称参考平面(实验组一和二),以专家定义的区域迭代最近点(iterative closest point,ICP)算法(选取对称性良好的区域)构建的对称参考平面为“真值平面”,作为参考组。以实验组与参考组的平面角度误差作为评价指标,分别比较两个实验组与参考组的差异,评价WPA算法构建对称参考平面的临床适用性。结果: 30例下颌偏斜患者WPA算法构建的对称参考平面与真值平面的角度误差为1.53°±0.84°,PA算法构建的对称参考平面与真值平面的角度误差为2.06°±0.86°。对于下颌偏斜大于12 mm的患者,WPA算法比PA算法的平均平面角度误差小0.86°。结论: 基于三维面部形态学分析的WPA算法对下颌偏斜面部不对称畸形患者构建三维面部对称参考平面的临床应用效果比传统PA算法有显著提高,初步达到了口腔临床专家级诊断策略的效果。

关键词: 面部不对称, 对称参考平面, 普氏分析, 欧几里得距离矩阵分析

Abstract:

Objective: To establish a novel method based on three-dimensional (3D) shape analysis and weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm to construct a 3D facial symmetry reference plane (SRP), automatically assigning weight to facial anatomical landmarks. The WPA algorithm suitability for commonly observed clinical cases of mandibular deviation were analysed and evaluated.Methods: Thirty patients with mandibular deviation were recruited for this study. The 3D facial SRPs were extracted independently based on original-mirror alignment method. Thirty-two anatomical landmarks were selected from the overall region by three times to obtain the mean coordinate. The SRP of experimental groups 1 and 2 were using the standard Procrustes analysis (PA) algorithm and WPA algorithm, respectively. A reference plane defined by experts based on regional iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, served as the ground truth. Three experts manually selecting facial regions with good symmetry for original model, and common region was included in the study. The angle error values between the SRP of WPA algorithm in the experimental group 1 and the truth plane were evaluated in this study, and the SRP of PA algorithm of experimental group 2 was calculated in the same way. Statistics and measurement analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the clinical suitability of the WPA algorithm to calculate the SRP. A paired t-test analysis (two-tailed) was conducted to compare the angles.Results: The average angle error between the SRP of WPA algorithm and the ground truth was 1.53°±0.84°, which was smaller than that between the SRP of PA and the ground truth (2.06°±0.86°). There were significant differences in the angle errors among the groups (P<0.05). For the patients with severe mandibular deviation that the distance between pogonion and facial midline greater than 12 mm, the average angle error of the WPA algorithm was 0.86° smaller than that of the PA algorithm.Conclusion: The WPA algorithm, based on weighted shape analysis, can provide a more adaptable SRP than the standard PA algorithm when applied to mandibular deviation patients and preliminarily simulate the diagnosis strategies of clinical experts.

Key words: Facial asymmetry, Symmetry reference plane, Procrustes analysis, Euclidean distance matrix analysis

中图分类号: 

  • R782.2

图1

研究采用的面部32个解剖标志点示意图"

图2

标志点间距离线段示意图"

图3

一例下颌偏斜患者由WPA算法、PA算法及专家构建的对称参考平面"

表1

PA算法和WPA算法构建对称参考平面的平面角度误差"

Subject number Angle error/(°)
PA WPA
1 2.93 2.56
2 0.66 0.27
3 2.51 2.2
4 2.06 0.85
5 3.05 1.86
6 1.55 0.93
7 2.09 1.38
8 1.17 0.94
9 1.93 1.44
10 2.76 1.88
11 1.67 1.05
12 0.61 0.31
13 2.1 1.94
14 4.22 1.66
15 3.31 3.09
16 2.43 2.39
17 0.63 0.43
18 0.74 0.23
19 1.61 1.29
20 1.3 0.86
21 2.27 0.83
22 2.42 2.16
23 2.29 2.17
24 1.7 1.09
25 3.16 3.01
26 2.35 2.25
27 2.08 2.1
28 1.13 0.29
29 2.39 2.57
30 2.66 1.89
-x±s 2.06±0.86 1.53±0.84

表2

不同程度下颌偏斜畸形数据PA算法和WPA算法构建对称参考平面的平面角度误差分布"

Mandibular deviation
degrees		 Patient number Angle error/(°)
PA WPA
≥1 mm, <8 mm 12 1.65 1.16
≥8 mm, <12 mm 10 2.11 1.82
≥12 mm, <20 mm 8 2.60 1.74
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ISSN 1671-167X
CN 11-4691/R
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