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北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 506-510. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.03.011

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中山市儿童青少年青春期身高生长突增规律

陈曼曼1,杨招庚1,苏彬彬2,李艳辉1,高迪1,马莹1,马涛1,董彦会1,Δ(),马军1   

  1. 1.北京大学公共卫生学院,北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京 100191
    2.北京大学人口研究所,北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-28 出版日期:2021-06-18 发布日期:2021-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 董彦会 E-mail:dongyanhui@bjmu.edu.cn

Analysis on the law of height growth spurt in adolescence of children and adolescents in Zhongshan City

CHEN Man-man1,YANG Zhao-geng1,SU Bin-bin2,LI Yan-hui1,GAO Di1,MA Ying1,MA Tao1,DONG Yan-hui1,Δ(),MA Jun1   

  1. 1. Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,Peking University School of Public Health,Beijing 100191,China
    2. Institute of Population Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
  • Received:2020-12-28 Online:2021-06-18 Published:2021-06-16
  • Contact: Yan-hui DONG E-mail:dongyanhui@bjmu.edu.cn

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目的: 分析广东省中山市中小学生青春期身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度特征,探究儿童青少年青春期身高生长突增规律;纵向追踪中山市儿童青少年身高的发育情况,了解青春期身高生长突增规律。方法: 基于广东省中山市2005—2016年间全市中小学生体检数据库,筛选其中持续追踪6次以上的个体作为研究样本,使用SITAR模型对样本人群身高数据进行拟合,计算其身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度。结果: 共纳入研究对象49 579人,其中男生26 524人,城市学生26 008人,男、女生中位随访年龄分别为7.74和7.72岁,男生身高突增高峰年龄为(12.72±0.89)岁,晚于女生的(10.98±0.95)岁(t=207.639,P<0.001),男生的身高突增高峰速度为(10.12±1.49) cm/年,高于女生的(8.35±1.12) cm/年(t=150.826,P<0.001)。城市、乡村学生中身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度的性别差异与全样本保持一致。城市男生的身高突增高峰年龄早于乡村男生,身高突增高峰速度小于乡村男生,城市女生身高突增高峰年龄早于乡村女生,身高突增高峰速度大于乡村女生。结论: 广东省中山市中小学生青春期女生突增高峰年龄早于男生,但突增高峰速度低于男生,城市学生突增高峰年龄较乡村学生早,但是城市男生突增高峰速度低于乡村男生。

关键词: 儿童青少年, 身高突增高峰速度, 身高突增高峰年龄, 生长突增

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the age at peak height velocity and peak height velocity of primary and middle school students in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, and to explore the law of the sudden increase in adolescent height in this area, and to understand the law of height growth spurt in adolescence by longitudinal tracking of the height of children and adolescents in Zhong-shan City. Methods: Based on the physical examination database of primary and middle school students in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2016, individuals who had been continuously tracked for more than 6 times were selected as research samples. SITAR model was used to fit the height data of the sample population, and the age at peak height velocity and peak height velocity were calcula-ted. Results: A total of 49 579 subjects were included in this study, including 26 524 boys and 26 008 urban students. The median follow-up ages of boys and girls were 7.74 and 7.72 years, respectively. The boy’s height spurt peak age was (12.72±0.89) years, and later than the girls at the age of (10.98±0.95) years (t=207.639, P<0.001), the boy’s height spurt peak velocity of (10.12±1.49) cm/year, higher than the girls of (8.35±1.12) cm/year (t=150.826, P<0.001). The gender differences of height spurt peak age and height spurt peak speed in urban and rural students were consistent with the whole sample. The height surge peak age of urban male students was earlier than that of rural male students, and the height surge peak speed of urban female students was lower than that of rural female students. Conclusion: The peak age of the surge of girls was earlier than that of boys, but the peak rate of the surge of girls was lower than that of boys, the peak age of urban students was earlier than that of rural students, but the peak rate of urban boys was lower than that of rural boys in Guangdong Province.

Key words: Children and adolescents, Peak height velocity, Age at peak height velocity, Growth spurt

中图分类号: 

  • R195.2

表1

研究对象基本情况"

Variables Boys (n=26 524) Girls (n=23 055) P
Urban,n(%) 13 797 (53.0) 12 211 (47.0) 0.035
Rural,n(%) 12 727 (54.0) 10 844 (46.0)
Age at first physical examination/years, $\bar{x} \pm s$ 8.75±1.19 8.80±1.20 <0.001
Age at last physical examination/years, $\bar{x} \pm s$ 16.49±1.00 16.52±0.98 0.004
Number of follow-up,n(%)
6 3 391 (12.8) 2 663 (11.6) <0.001
7 6 243 (23.5) 5 517 (23.9)
8 5 696 (21.5) 5 235 (22.7)
9 5 793 (21.8) 4 934 (21.4)
10 3 560 (13.4) 3 039 (13.2)
11 1 664 (6.3) 1 524 (6.6)
12 177 (0.7) 143 (0.6)
Follow-up time/years, M 7.74 7.72 0.063

图1

中山市7~18岁中小学生身高突增曲线的性别差异"

表2

中山市中小学生身高突增高峰年龄的性别和城乡差异"

Items Boys Girls ta P
Urban/years, $\bar{x} \pm s$ 12.64±0.87 10.90±0.92 156.831 <0.001
Rural/years, $\bar{x} \pm s$ 12.80±0.91 11.08±0.98 138.759 <0.001
Total/years, $\bar{x} \pm s$ 12.72±0.89 10.98±0.95 207.639 <0.001
tb -14.575 -14.301
P <0.001 <0.001

表3

中山市中小学生身高突增高峰速度的性别和城乡差异"

Items Boys Girls ta P
Urban/(cm/year), $\bar{x} \pm s$ 10.05±1.43 8.38±0.94 112.473 <0.001
Rural/(cm/year), $\bar{x} \pm s$ 10.21±1.55 8.33±1.29 101.821 <0.001
Total/(cm/year), $\bar{x} \pm s$ 10.12±1.49 8.35±1.12 150.826 <0.001
tb -8.877 3.287
P <0.001 0.001

图2

中山市7~18岁城市和乡村学生身高突增曲线的性别差异"

图3

中山市7~18岁男女生身高突增曲线的城乡差异"

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