Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) ›› 2014, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 366-372.

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Effect of dietary vitamin A intake on plasma vitamin A concentration in preschool children of Banan district, Chongqing, China

PENG Rong1,2, WEI Xiao-ping1, LIANG Xiao-hua1, CHEN Jie1, LIU You-xue1, ZHANG Ting3, LI Ting-yu1△   

  1. (1. Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; 2. School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; 3. The Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China)
  • Online:2014-06-18 Published:2014-06-18

Abstract: Objective:To study the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake and plasma vitamin A concentration, and establish the theoretical basis for dietary intake predicting vitamin A nutritional status. Methods: By using cluster sampling, 492 children aged 2-7 years in kindergartens in Banan district of Chongqing were selected. A crosssectional nutrition and health survey was conducted, including the clinical examination, anthropometry, laboratory test and dietary survey. Results: Among the children surveyed, 229 were boys, and 263 girls, the mean age was (4.54±0.87) years, height (107.50±7.20) cm, and weight (18.42±3.41) kg, the mean value of plasma vitamin A was (1.04±0.30) μmol/L. The prevalence of marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) was 43.5%. No cases of severe clinical vitamin A deficiency were found (plasma vitamin A≤0.35 μmol/L). Clinical examination found no conjunctiva, corneaor skin abnormalities, and no Bitot’s spots. Prevalence of the last two weeks colds were 27.4% (135/492), no diarrhea and other gastrointestinal or digestive diseases were found. The proportion of insufficient dietary vitamin A intake (<600 μg RE/d) was as high as 50.0%. By using correlation analysis, plasma retinol concentrations were related to dietary vitamin A intake (r=0.162, P<0.001), and to dietary energy intake (r=0.107, P=0.017). After adjustment for the effects of other non-dietary factors on vitamin A deficiency, the multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin A-rich foods of liver intake=0 g/d (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.05-3.61, P=0.034), vitamin A-rich fruits intake=0 g/d (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.03-2.33, P=0.034), vitamin A-rich vegetables intake<200 g/d (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 1.37-8.75, P=0.009) were important risk factors of vitamin A deficiency. But we had not found the correlation between the intake of meat, eggs and milk and vitamin A deficiency. Conclusion: Dietary factors may be the major risk factor of vitamin A deficiency in the three kindergartens. The dietary vitamin A intakes are significantly related to plasma retinol concentrations, and the vitamin Arich foods intakes can predict the body’s vitamin A nutritional status.

Key words: Vitamin A deficiency, Plasma, Diet, Child, preschool

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