Gold热处理镍钛锉在模拟S形根管内的抗疲劳折断性能

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2025.01.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 比较不同温度下3种新型热处理镍钛锉在模拟S形根管内的抗疲劳折断性能，为临床应用提供依据。方法: 选取Gold热处理镍钛锉TruNatomy [25 mm长，26号/0.04锥度(尖段)]与ProTaper Gold [25 mm长，25号/0.08锥度(尖段)]作为实验组，M丝技术镍钛锉ProTaper Next [25 mm长，25号/0.06锥度(尖段)]作为对照组，每种镍钛锉各20支。TruNatomy镍钛锉经过Gold热处理使R相变分离，存在完全的中间R相，使柔软度提高；ProTaper Gold镍钛锉为CM丝镍钛锉，用热处理提高相变温度，常温下以马氏体为主，使柔软度提高，表面经Gold热处理产生中间R相；ProTaper Next镍钛锉则采用M丝技术，M丝常温下以奥氏体为主，经过热机械处理引入硬化马氏体，此类马氏体不参与相变，其弹性模量低于奥氏体，从而使镍钛锉柔软度增高。使用双弯金属模拟根管，分别在室温(24 ℃)及加热至65 ℃时检测3种镍钛锉的抗疲劳折断性能，不同温度下的每种镍钛锉各10支(n=10)。对相同温度下不同镍钛锉的疲劳折断圈数(number of cyclic fatigue，NCF)以及折断段长度数据采用单因素方差分析，并进行组间比较，以双侧P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。对相同镍钛锉不同温度下的NCF以及折断段长度数据采用配对样本t检验，并进行两两比较，检验水准均为双侧α=0.05。用扫描电镜进行折断镍钛锉断口分析。结果: 3种镍钛锉均为在根尖弯曲处首先发生折断，随后在冠方弯曲处发生折断。室温下，根尖段NCF：Tru- Natomy镍钛锉为344.4±96.6，ProTaper Gold镍钛锉为175.0±56.1，ProTaper Next镍钛锉为133.3±39.7，TruNatomy镍钛锉最高(P < 0.05)；冠方段NCF：TruNatomy镍钛锉为618.3±75.3，ProTaper Gold镍钛锉为327.5±111.8，ProTaper Next镍钛锉为376.6±67.9，TruNatomy镍钛锉仍为最高(P < 0.05)。根尖及冠方折断段长度各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。加热至65 ℃，根尖段NCF：TruNatomy镍钛锉为289.6±65.8，ProTaper Gold镍钛锉为187.5±75.4，ProTaper Next镍钛锉为103.0±38.5，TruNatomy镍钛锉最高(P < 0.05)；冠方段NCF：TruNatomy镍钛锉为454.2±45.4，ProTaper Gold镍钛锉为268.3±31.4，ProTaper Next镍钛锉为283.8±31.7，TruNatomy镍钛锉仍为最高(P < 0.05)。与室温相比，TruNatomy镍钛锉冠方段在65 ℃时的NCF显著下降(P < 0.05)。各组镍钛锉断口均符合典型的疲劳折断断口特征。结论: Gold热处理镍钛锉在S形弯曲根管中的抗疲劳折断性能优于M丝镍钛锉。

关键词: 镍钛根管锉, S形根管, 抗疲劳折断性能, 热处理

Abstract:

Objective: To compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium files made by 3 new heat treatment in simulated S-shaped root canals at different temperatures. Methods: Gold heat-treated nickel-titanium files TruNatomy (25 mm, tip size 26#/0.04) and ProTaper Gold (25 mm, tip size 25#/0.08) were selected as the experimental group, M wire technique nickel-titanium file ProTaper Next (25 mm, tip size 25#/0.06) was selected as the control group. It was speculated that the Gold technique used in TruNatomy nickel-titanium file was R phase separation technique, which included a complete intermediate R-phase, increasing its flexibility. ProTaper Gold was a CM wire nickel-titanium file and the increased phase transformation temperature by heat treatment introduced martensite at room temperature, while it underwent gold heat treatment on the surface, generating an intermediate R phase during phase transformation, providing hyperelastic. ProTaper Next used M wire technique, M wire included austenite at room temperature, where heat mechanical processing introduced hardened martensite, which was incapable of participating phase transformation. Because of the lower elastic modulus of hardened martensite than austenite, the flexibility of the file was increased. Twenty instruments of each nickel-titanium file were submitted to the cyclic fatigue test by using a simulated canal with double curvatures at room tem-perature (24 ℃) and 65 ℃, 10 instruments of each nickel-titanium file were selected at each temperature (n=10). At the same temperature, the number of cyclic fatigue (NCF) and fragment length were analyzed by using One-Way analysis of variance at a significance level of P < 0.05. NCF and fragment length of the same nickel-titanium file at room temperature and 65 ℃ were compared by paired sample t test and the significance level was α=0.05. Fractured surfaces were analyzed by using scanning electron microscope. Results: In double-curved canals, all the failure of the files due to cyclic fatigue was first seen in the apical curvature before the coronal curvature. At room temperature, in the apical curvature, NCF of TruNatomy was 344.4±96.6, ProTaper Gold was 175.0±56.1, ProTaper Next was 133.3±39.7, NCF of Tru Natomy was the highest (P < 0.05). In the coronal curvature, NCF of TruNatomy was 618.3± 75.3, ProTaper Gold was 327.5±111.8, ProTaper Next was 376.6±67.9, NCF of TruNatomy was also the highest (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among the apical and coronal fragment length of the 3 nickel-titanium files (P>0.05). At 65 ℃, in the apical curvature, NCF of TruNatomy was 289.6±65.8, ProTaper Gold was 187.5±75.4, ProTaper Next was 103.0±38.5, NCF of TruNatomy was the highest (P < 0.05). In the coronal curvature, NCF of TruNatomy was 454.2±45.4, ProTaper Gold was 268.3±31.4, ProTaper Next was 283.8±31.7, NCF of TruNatomy was also the highest (P < 0.05). The apical fragment length of ProTaper Next was the highest (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference among coronal fragment length of the 3 nickel-titanium files (P>0.05). Compared with room temperature, at 65 ℃, in the coronal curvature, NCF of TruNatomy decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The fractured surfaces of the three nickel-titanium files demonstrated typical cyclic fatigue. Conclusion: Gold heat-treated nickel-titanium file had better cyclic fatigue resistance than M wire nickel-titanium file in S-shaped root canals.

Key words: Nickel-titanium endodontic files, S-shaped canal, Cyclic fatigue resistance, Heat treatment

中图分类号:

R781.3

陈文新, 侯晓玫. Gold热处理镍钛锉在模拟S形根管内的抗疲劳折断性能[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2025, 57(1): 136-141.

Wenxin CHEN, Xiaomei HOU. Cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium files made by Gold heat treatment in simulated S-shaped root canals at different temperatures[J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(1): 136-141.

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参考文献 24

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Nickel-titanium files	Apical NCF，${\bar x}$±s				Apical fragment length/mm，${\bar x}$±s
Nickel-titanium files	24 ℃	65 ℃	t	P	24 ℃	65 ℃	t	P
TruNatomy	344.4±96.6^*	289.6±65.5^*	0.903	0.408	2.3±0.5	2.2±0.6	0.328	0.752
ProTaper Gold	175.0±56.1	187.5±75.4	0.286	0.783	2.0±0.4	2.1±0.3	-0.447	0.671
ProTaper Next	133.3±39.7	103.0±38.5	1.283	0.233	2.2±0.6	2.9±0.3^#	-2.015	0.075
F	12.894	10.753			0.256	5.106
P	0.001	0.003			0.779	0.027

Nickel-titanium files	Coronal NCF，${\bar x}$±s				Coronal fragment length/mm，${\bar x}$±s
Nickel-titanium files	24 ℃	65 ℃	t	P	24 ℃	65 ℃	t	P
TruNatomy	618.3±75.3^*#	454.2±45.4^*	3.810	0.007	4.8±0.3	4.8±0.2	-0.078	0.940
ProTaper Gold	327.5±111.8	268.3±31.4	1.259	0.244	4.5±0.4	4.8±0.2	-1.170	0.286
ProTaper Next	376.7±67.9	283.8±31.7	2.459	0.057	4.6±0.4	4.5±0.5	0.266	0.796
F	14.034	36.102			0.424	0.786
P	0.002	0.001			0.665	0.480

Nickel-titanium files	Coronal center-core area/mm²	Apical center-core area/mm²
TruNatomy	0.081	0.039
ProTaper Gold	0.173	0.064
ProTaper Next	0.122	0.030

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