中老年人体测量学指标与动脉硬化指标的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨中老年人人体测量学指标与动脉硬化指标之间的相关性。方法：选择北京市石景山区接受横断面调查的中老年居民1 626人，年龄45~90岁，平均年龄（61.60±10.22）岁，分为健康组、高血压组和糖尿病组。由专人测量受试者身高、体重、腰围（waist circumference，WC）等指标，计算出腰身指数（waist to height ratio，WHtR）和体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）。采用无创检测设备分别测量反射波增强指数（augmentation index，AI）、踝脉搏波传导速度（brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity，baPWV）、踝臂指数（ankle-brachial index，ABI）、颈动脉内-中膜厚度（intercellular membrane thickness，IMT）等动脉硬化指标，分析各项指标间的相关性。结果：中心型肥胖者（男性WC＞85 cm、女性WC＞80 cm或WHtR＞0.5）和肥胖者（BMI＞28 kg/m²）百分比在高血压组和糖尿病组之间差别不显著(P＞0.05)，但均显著高于健康组(P＜0.01)。BMI与中心型肥胖测量指标WC和WHtR呈中度正相关（r分别为0.710和0.716）。在健康组，人体测量学指标（WC和WHtR）与baPWV、IMT和ABI呈正相关，与AI₇₅呈负相关；BMI与IMT呈正相关，与AI₇₅呈负相关，与baPWV和ABI不相关。糖尿病组BMI与baPWV呈负相关；高血压组BMI与baPWV、AI₇₅呈负相关，WC与AI₇₅呈负相关。baPWV与人体测量学指标的一元线性回归分析结果显示，baPWV与WHtR回归直线方程为y=0.949+1.379x（R²=0.046，P＜0.001），baPWV与WC回归直线方程为y=1.133+0.006x（R²=0.027，P＜0.001）；baPWV与BMI不具有线性相关关系（P=0.62）。结论：WHtR和WC预测动脉硬化优于BMI，中心型肥胖的人体测量学指标可作为心血管风险的预测因子。

关键词: 人体测量术, 肥胖症, 动脉硬化

Abstract: Objective：To investigate the correlation between anthropometric indices and arteriosclerosis detection indicators in the middle-aged and the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was made of 1 626 individuals (diabetics patients 23.37%, hypertensive subjects 39.48% and healthy individuals 37.15%), aged 45 to 90 years ［mean age: (61.60±10.22) years)］ in Shijingshan District, Beijing. Their measurements: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to height ratio (WHtR). Arterial stiffness was assessed according to brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), intima-media thickness (IMT), augmentation index (AI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), which were measured by noninvasive detectors and equipment. The correlations between the various indicators were analyzed. Results: The percentages of the hypertensive and diabetic groups of central obesity (male WC>85 cm, female WC>80 cm or WHtR>0.5) and of general obesity (BMI>28 kg/m²) were significantly higher than those of the healthy group (P<0.01). The difference between the two disease groups was not significant (P>0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between the measures of abdominal obesity (WHtR and WC) and the general obesity indicators (BMI) (r=0.710 and 0.716). In the healthy group, WC and WHtR showed positive correlation with baPWV, IMT and ABI, and negative correlation with AI₇₅. BMI showed positive correlation with IMT and negative correlation with AI₇₅, and no correlation with baPWV and ABI. There was negative correlation between BMI and baPWV in the diabetic group. In the hypertension group, we found negative correlation between BMI and baPWV, maximum IMT, AI₇₅, and also between WC and AI₇₅. The simple regression straight line of baPWV versus the anthropometric parameters showed that the regression equations were y=0.949+1.379 x (baPWV vs. WHtR, R²=0.046, P＜0.001) and y=1.133+0.006x (baPWV vs. WC, R²=0.027, P＜0.001), respectively. baPWV and BMI did not have a linear relationship (P=0.62). Conclusion: WHtR and WC are superior to BMI indices in predicting arteriosclerosis. Anthropometric measurements for central obesity are good predictors of cardiovascular risk.

Key words: Anthropometry, Obesity, Arteriosclerosis

刘严, 齐丽彤, 马为, 杨颖, 孟磊, 张宝娓, 霍勇. 中老年人体测量学指标与动脉硬化指标的关系[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2014, 46(3): 455-459.

LIU Yan, QI Li-Tong, MA Wei, YANG Ying, MENG Lei, ZHANG Bao-Wei, HUO Yong. Correlation between anthropometric parameters and arteriosclerosis biomarker in the middle-aged and the elderly[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2014, 46(3): 455-459.

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