大鼠后肢长期抗阻训练对慢性咬肌机械痛觉敏感性的影响

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的:研究长期抗阻训练对大鼠慢性咬肌机械痛觉敏感性的影响,为临床慢性咀嚼疼痛的非药物治疗提供理论依据。方法:选用16只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠(220~250 g),随机分为空白对照组、抗阻训练组、慢性咬肌痛组、慢性咬肌痛抗阻训练组4个组,每组4只,慢性咬肌痛大鼠(慢性咬肌痛组和慢性咬肌痛抗阻训练组)采用咬合干扰模型建模,抗阻训练大鼠(抗阻训练组和慢性咬肌痛抗阻训练组)采用食物诱导法进行负重蹲起训练,每次30 min,每日1次,每周训练5 d,总计14周。每天记录大鼠抗阻训练情况,采用改良电子测痛仪每周测定各组大鼠双侧咬肌机械刺激反应阈值,每周记录体重变化。长期抗阻训练结束后,采用自制抓力计测定大鼠后肢抓力,分离后肢肌肉(腓肠肌和比目鱼肌)及腓骨,测定肌肉质量和腓骨长度,计算后肢肌肉质量、肌肉质量/体重比和肌肉质量/腓骨长度比。结果:空白对照组和抗阻训练组第0~4周双侧咬肌机械刺激反应阈值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 第5~14周抗阻训练组的阈值较空白对照组高(P<0.05)。慢性咬肌痛组和慢性咬肌痛抗阻训练组在第0~6周双侧咬肌机械刺激反应阈值均先下降后上升,组间阈值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 第7~14周慢性咬肌痛抗阻训练组的阈值较慢性咬肌痛组的显著增高(P<0.05)。14周抗阻训练后,非抗阻训练大鼠体重明显大于抗阻训练大鼠[(462±6) g vs.(418±14) g, P<0.05], 大鼠后肢抓力在抗阻训练组明显更高[(6.75±0.13) N vs.(5.41±0.15) N, P<0.01]。结论:长期抗阻训练可降低健康大鼠和慢性咬肌痛觉过敏大鼠双侧咬肌机械痛觉敏感性,为长期抗阻训练临床治疗慢性咀嚼肌痛提供了基础研究证据。

关键词: 抗阻训练, 咬合干扰, 慢性咀嚼肌痛, 机械痛觉过敏

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term resistance exercise of hindlimb on mechan-ical hyperalgesia of bilateral masseter muscle in rats with or without occlusal interference. Methods: Six-teen male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-250 g) were randomly divided into four groups: the naive control group, na?ve exercise group, occlusal interference control group, and occlusal interference exercise group. The rats in occlusal interference groups (occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group) obtained occlusal interference with 0.4 mm-thick crowns bonded to the right maxillary first molars. The rats in exercise groups (na?ve exercise group and occlusal interference exercise group) performed squat-type resistance exercises for 30 minutes, once a day, 5 days/week, lasting for 14 weeks. Resistance exercise was recorded every day. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle were tested per week by use of modified electronic von-frey anesthesiometer. The rats were weighed per week. After the 14-week exercise, the muscle strength of the hindlimb was tested with a grip strength meter. Muscle (gastrocnemius and soleus) weight of bilateral hindlimb and length of bilateral fibula of the rats were obtained. The muscle-mass/body-mass ratios and muscle-mass/fibula-length ratios were calculated. Results: Between the na?ve control group and na?ve exercise group, there was no sig-nificant difference in the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle for the 0-4 weeks (P>0.05). During the 5-14 weeks, the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the rats in the na?ve exercise group were higher than those in the na?ve control group (P<0.05). Between the occlusal interference control group and occlusal interference exercise group, there was no significant difference in the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of bilateral masseter muscle for the 0-6 weeks (P>0.05). During the 7-14 weeks, the mechanical withdrawal thresholds of rats in the na?ve exercise group were higher than those in the occlusal interference control group (P<0.05). After the 14-week exercise, the body mass of the rats in non-exercise group (the na?ve control group and occlusal interference control group) were larger than those in exercise group [(462±6) g vs. (418±14) g, P<0.05]. And the muscle strength of hindlimb of the rats in exercise group were bigger than those in non-exercise group [(6.75±0.13) N vs. (5.41±0.15) N, P<0.01]. Conclusion: Long-term resistance exercise can increase mechanical withdrawal thresholds of the bilateral masseter muscle in rats with or without masseter muscle mechanical hyperalgesia.

Key words: Resistance exercise, Occlusal interference, Chronic masticatory muscle pain, Mechanical hyperalgesia

中图分类号:

闫树东,杨广聚,莫思怡,刘云,谢秋菲. 大鼠后肢长期抗阻训练对慢性咬肌机械痛觉敏感性的影响[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2019, 51(1): 21-27.

Shu-dong YAN,Guang-ju YANG,Si-yi MO,Yun LIU,Qiu-fei XIE. Effect of long-term resistance exercise on masseter muscle mechanical hyperalgesia in rats[J]. Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences), 2019, 51(1): 21-27.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

长期抗阻训练后体重和后肢抓力结果比较"

Items	Non-exercise group	Exercise group	P
Body mass/g, $x ?$ ± $s x ?$	462±6	418±14	0.017^*
Muscle strength/N, $x ?$ ± $s x ?$	5.41±0.15	6.75±0.13	<0.001^*

表1

表2

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Items	Left hindlimb			Right hindlimb
Items	Non-exercise group	Exercise group	P	Non-exercise group	Exercise group	P
Gast/mg	2 799±86	2 947±97	0.278	2 831±75	2 977±80	0.232
Sol/mg	232±12	254±9	0.148	250±12	253±9	0.843
Length of fibula/mm	27.13±0.40	26.25±0.45	0.204	27.15±0.42	26.25±0.47	0.207
Gast-mass/body-mass ratios/(mg/g)	6.07±0.19	7.06±0.15	0.001^*	6.13±0.15	7.14±0.17	0.001^*
Sol-mass/body-mass ratio/(mg/g)	0.50±0.02	0.61±0.01	<0.001^*	0.54±0.02	0.61±0.01	0.018^*
Gast-mass/fibula-length ratios/(mg/mm)	103±3	112±3	0.043^*	104±2	113±3	0.035^*
Sol-mass/fibula-length ratios/(mg/mm)	8.56±0.44	9.69±0.32	0.043^*	9.22±0.45	9.65±0.31	0.447