中国崇礼某大型雪场大众滑雪者损伤情况分析

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.02.007

北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 273-278. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.02.007

中国崇礼某大型雪场大众滑雪者损伤情况分析

杨渝平^1,²,马骁¹,陈拿云¹,蒋艳芳¹,张晓伟²,丁中伟²,敖英芳^1,^Δ()

1.北京大学第三医院运动医学科,北京大学运动医学研究所,运动医学关节伤病北京市重点实验室,北京 100191
2.北京大学第三医院崇礼院区运动医学科,河北张家口 076350

收稿日期:2020-03-24 出版日期:2021-04-18 发布日期:2021-04-21
通讯作者: 敖英芳 E-mail:yingfang.ao@vip.sina.com
基金资助:
2018年国家科技部“科技冬奥”重点专项(2018YFF0301100);2019年国家科技部“科技冬奥”重点专项(2019YFF0302305);2020年张家口市科技冬奥技术集成应用与综合示范专题项目(20110004D)

Analysis of the mass skiers’ injury in a large ski resort in Chongli, China

YANG Yu-ping^1,²,MA Xiao¹,CHEN Na-yun¹,JIANG Yan-fang¹,ZHANG Xiao-wei²,DING Zhong-wei²,AO Ying-fang^1,^Δ()

1. Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, China
2. Department of Sports Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital-Chongli,Zhangjiakou 076350, Hebei, China

Received:2020-03-24 Online:2021-04-18 Published:2021-04-21
Contact: Ying-fang AO E-mail:yingfang.ao@vip.sina.com
Supported by:
Nation Key Research and Development Program for “Science and Technology Winter Olympics” of China in 2018(2018YFF0301100);Nation Key Research and Development Program for “Science and Technology Winter Olympics” of China in 2019(2019YFF0302305);Integrated Application of Technology and Comprehensive Demonstration Project of Scientific and Technological Winter Olympics of Zhangjiakou in 2020(20110004D)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 对中国崇礼某大型雪场滑雪人群的损伤情况进行回顾性分析,为预测2022年冬季奥林匹克运动会背景下快速增长的滑雪损伤救治医疗需求提供依据。方法: 收集2017年11月至2018年3月雪季和2018年11月至2019年3月雪季在崇礼某大型雪场医疗站就诊的所有受伤滑雪者的基本资料。比较两个雪季滑雪人数、受伤人数、受伤原因、损伤类型和受伤部位等情况。结果: 两个雪季共发生753例损伤,每1 000例滑雪者平均日损伤分别为4.53例和4.46例。两个雪季11月份的每1 000例滑雪者平均日损伤例数均比较低,分别为2.20例和1.38例,而不同月份受伤率差异可能与降雪关系不大,更有可能与客流量多少相关。两个雪季的所有受伤者中,男性占比均高于女性。21~30岁的受伤滑雪者占比最大,达到了36.8%。受伤原因以摔伤(76.6%)为主,受伤概率最高的部位是头颈部(17.9%), 其次为膝关节(17.4%)和手腕手指(13.3%)。损伤类型以挫伤及外伤(29.5%)、关节和(或)韧带损伤(22.2%)最为常见。所有受伤者中,儿童(2~12岁)占比12.7%。大于50岁的受伤患者的中重度损伤(包括骨折、脑震荡等)率为34.8%。结论: 雪场应重点关注儿童和老年滑雪者的受伤情况,针对性地开展指导和救援工作;为更好地保障滑雪人群医疗安全,雪场医疗站和附近救治医院应配备相应数量的医疗人员和设备,雪场应进一步完善其安全管理和救护体系。

关键词: 雪场, 滑雪, 运动损伤, 冬季奥林匹克运动会

Abstract:

Objective: To make a retrospective analysis of the injuries of skiing population in a large ski resort in Chongli, China and provide a basis for predicting the rapidly increasing medical needs for ski injuries in the context of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Methods: The basic data of all injured skiers who were treated in a medical station of a large ski resort in Chongli during the snow season from November 2017 to March 2018 and from November 2018 to March 2019 were collected. The number of skiers, the number of injuries, the causes of injuries, the types of injuries and the locations of injuries were compared. Results: A total of 753 skiers were injured in two snow seasons, and the estimated average incidence of injury was 4.53 and 4.46 per 1 000 skier days at the resort respectively. The average daily injury rate per 1 000 skiers in November of the two snow seasons was relatively low, with 2.20 and 1.38 cases respectively. The difference of injury rate in different months might have little to do with snowfall and more to do with passenger flow. In both the snow seasons, men accounted for more injuries than women, and injured skiers aged between 21 and 30 accounted for the largest proportion, reaching 36.8%. The main causes of injuries were falls (76.6%). The highest rate of injury was in the head and neck (17.9%), followed by the knee (17.4%) and wrist and fingers (13.3%). The most common types of injuries were contusion and trauma (29.5%) and joint and/or ligament injuries (22.2%). Children (2-12 years old) accounted for 12.7% of all the injured skiers. The rate of moderate to severe injuries (including fractures, concussions, etc.) was 34.8% among the injured patients over 50 years of age. Conclusion: The snow resort should focus on injuries to children and elderly skiers and carry out targeted guidance and rescue work. In order to better ensure the medical safety of skiers, the ski resort medical station and nearby treatment hospitals should be equipped with a corresponding number of medical personnel and equipment, and the ski resort should further improve its safety management and rescue system.

Key words: Ski resorts, Skiing, Sports injury, Winter Olympic Games

中图分类号:

R648

杨渝平,马骁,陈拿云,蒋艳芳,张晓伟,丁中伟,敖英芳. 中国崇礼某大型雪场大众滑雪者损伤情况分析[J]. 北京大学学报（医学版）, 2021, 53(2): 273-278.

YANG Yu-ping,MA Xiao,CHEN Na-yun,JIANG Yan-fang,ZHANG Xiao-wei,DING Zhong-wei,AO Ying-fang. Analysis of the mass skiers’ injury in a large ski resort in Chongli, China[J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2021, 53(2): 273-278.

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参考文献 31

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Age/years	2017—2018 snow season	2018—2019 snow season	Total
2-12, n(%)	38 (11.9)	58 (13.4)	96 (12.7)
13-20, n(%)	37 (11.5)	53 (12.3)	90 (12.0)
21-30, n(%)	122 (38.0)	155 (35.9)	277 (36.8)
31-45, n(%)	103 (32.1)	148 (34.2)	251 (33.3)
46-60, n(%)	19 (5.9)	16 (3.7)	35 (4.7)
No date, n(%)	2 (0.6)	2 (0.5)	4 (0.5)
Total	321	432	753

Types	2017—2018 snow season	2018—2019 snow season	Total
Fall, n(%)	233 (72.6)	344 (79.6)	577 (76.6)
Collision, n(%)	32 (10.0)	79 (18.3)	111 (14.8)
Sprain, n(%)	16 (5.0)	2 (0.5)	18 (2.4)
Bruise, n(%)	33 (10.3)	1 (0.2)	34 (4.5)
Others, n(%)	7 (2.1)	6 (1.4)	13 (1.7)
Total	321	432	753

Injured parts	2017—2018 snow season	2018—2019 snow season	Total
Head or neck, n(%)	60 (18.7)	75 (17.4)	135 (17.9)
Knee, n(%)	62 (19.3)	69 (16.0)	131 (17.4)
Wrist or fingers, n(%)	54 (16.8)	46 (10.6)	100 (13.3)
Ankle or toes, n(%)	13 (4.0)	15 (3.5)	28 (3.7)
Waist or hip, n(%)	24 (7.5)	32 (7.4)	56 (7.4)
Lower limb, n(%)	27 (8.4)	46 (10.6)	73 (9.7)
Upper limb, n(%)	23 (7.2)	44 (10.2)	67 (8.9)
Shoulder or back, n(%)	42 (13.1)	36 (8.3)	78 (10.4)
Chest, ribs or abdomen, n(%)	15 (4.7)	45 (10.4)	60 (8.0)
No date, n(%)	1(0.3)	24 (5.6)	25 (3.3)
Total	321	432	753

Types	2017—2018 snow season	2018—2019 snow season	Total
Contusion and trauma, n(%)	159 (49.5)	63 (14.6)	222 (29.5)
Joint and/or ligament injuries, n(%)	47 (14.6)	120 (27.7)	167 (22.2)
Muscle and soft tissue injury, n(%)	30 (9.3)	123 (28.5)	153 (20.3)
Fracture or fissure fracture, n(%)	57 (17.8)	90 (20.8)	147 (19.5)
Concussions or internal injuries, n(%)	22 (6.9)	31 (7.2)	53 (7.0)
Others, n(%)	6 (1.9)	5 (1.2)	11 (1.5)
Total	321	432	753

Months	2017—2018 snow season	2018—2019 snow season	Total
November, n	17/7 713	18/13 074	35/20 787
December, n	90/17 747	134/23 667	224/41 414
January, n	87/19 350	118/37 220	205/56 570
February, n	98/23 066	118/12 571	216/35 637
March, n	29/3 035	44/10 308	73/13 343
Total	321/70 911	432/96 840	753/167 751

中国崇礼某大型雪场大众滑雪者损伤情况分析

Analysis of the mass skiers’ injury in a large ski resort in Chongli, China

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