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北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 913-918. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.05.020

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南韶山地区儿童口腔卫生干预效果评价

张子一1,夏斌1,∆(),徐明明2,李毅萍3,唐瞻贵4,陈泳清5   

  1. 1.北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,儿童口腔科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081
    2.北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院特诊科,北京 100081
    3.中南大学湘雅口腔医院口腔修复科,长沙 410000
    4.中南大学湘雅口腔医院外科,长沙 410000
    5.湖南韶山市人民医院内科,湖南韶山 411399
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-27 出版日期:2020-10-18 发布日期:2020-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 夏斌 E-mail:summerinbeijing@vip.sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    2013年科技惠民计划专项项目(2013GS430101)

Evaluation of effect of oral health intervention on children in Shaoshan area of Hunan province

Zi-yi ZHANG1,Bin XIA1,∆(),Ming-ming XU2,Yi-ping LI3,Zhan-gui TANG4,Yong-qing CHEN5   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
    2. Department of Special Care, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijng 100081, China
    3. Department of Prosthodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Hunan Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
    4. Surgical Department, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Hunan Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
    5. Department of Internal Medicine, Hunan Shaoshan People’s Hospital, Shaoshan 411399, Hunan, China
  • Received:2018-09-27 Online:2020-10-18 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Bin XIA E-mail:summerinbeijing@vip.sina.com
  • Supported by:
    2013 Technology and People Benefit Special Project(2013GS430101)

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摘要：

目的:了解湖南韶山地区3~12岁儿童的口腔健康状况,评价以社区为单位的口腔卫生宣教、含氟涂料应用等活动对改善地区儿童口腔健康的作用。方法:调查采用整群抽样,选取湖南省韶山市不同经济发展区域的3所幼儿园及2所小学,分别于2014年12月以及2016年9月对3~12岁的幼儿园及在校儿童进行口腔健康状况调查,并在此期间给予干预措施,分别比较两次普查中3~6岁及6~12岁儿童的平均软垢指数、龋均、患龋率,同时将5岁及12岁的儿童作为代表人群,单独比较其平均软垢指数,乳、恒牙龋失补牙数,患龋率,并比较12岁儿童的第一恒磨牙患龋率。结果:2014年及2016年的调查分别纳入儿童992名、896名,分别比较3~6岁以及6~12岁儿童,均显示2016年普查所得的软垢指数均数及乳牙龋失补牙数显著小于2014年,而恒牙龋失补牙数差异无统计学意义。2014年及2016年普查的5岁儿童分别为173名和179名,两者的乳牙龋失补牙数差异有统计学意义(P=0.038),患龋率差异无统计学意义(P=0.370);两年调查的12岁儿童分别为65名和104名,两者的乳牙龋失补牙数及恒牙龋失补牙数差异均无统计学意义(P=0.133,P=0.171)。两年调查的第一恒磨牙患龋率分别为36.9%和26.9%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.171)。结论:含氟涂料的应用合并口腔健康教育可以显著降低湖南韶山地区3~12岁儿童的乳牙龋失补牙数并显著改善口腔卫生状况,恒牙龋失补牙数、5岁儿童乳牙患龋率及12岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率均有一定程度的下降。

关键词: 口腔健康, 氟化物, 龋失补指数, 儿童, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective: To understand the oral health status of children aged 3-12 in Shaoshan area of Hunan province and to evaluate the role of oral health educations based on community such as fluoride varnish, oral hygiene introduction in improving the oral health of children in the area so as to gain expe-rience. Methods: The study used cluster sampling to select 3 kindergartens and 2 primary schools in different economic development areas of Shaoshan. Oral health status survey and interventions were conducted in December 2014 and September 2016, respectively. The average debris index, decayed missing filled teeth (deciduous teeth: dmft; permanent teeth: DMFT), and caries prevalence rate of children aged 3-6 years and 6-12 years were compared. At the same time, children aged 5 and 12 were used as representative populations to compare the indices as listed before and the caries prevalence rate of the first permanent molar in 12-year-old children was compared as well. Finally, health economic analysis was carried out based on the 2 years’ result. Results: In this study, 992 children and 896 children in 2014 and 2016 were included respectively. As for children aged 3-6 years, the average debris index and dmft in 2016 were significantly less than that in 2014 (P<0.001, P<0.001), and the difference of DMFT was not significant (P=0.419). Children aged 6-12 years showed the same result, the average debris index and dmft in 2016 were significantly less than those in 2014 (P<0.001, P=0.013), and the difference in DMFT was not significant (P=0.674). 173 and 179 5-year-old children were included in 2014 and 2016 respectively, and the dmft showed significant difference (P=0.038); the caries prevalence rate was 75.7% and 71.5%, respectively, which was also not significant (P=0.370). With respect to the 12-year-old children, 65 and 104 children were included and the differences in dmft and DMFT were not significant (P=0.133, P=0.171). The caries prevalence of the first permanent molar in the 12-year-old children was 36.9% and 26.9%, whose difference was not significant (P=0.171). Conclusion: The application of fluoride varnish and oral health education can significantly reduce the dmft of children aged 3-12 years in Shaoshan area and significantly improve the oral hygiene status. DMFT, the caries prevalence rate of 5-year-old children’s deciduous teeth and 12-year-old children’s first permanent molar showed a decline.

Key words: Oral health, Fluorides, DMF index, Child, Cross-sectional studies

中图分类号: 

  • R788.1

表1

2014年及2016年被调查儿童的基本信息"

Group Number Gender, n (%) Age/years, x-±s
Male Female
Year 2014 992 537 (54.1) 455 (45.9) 6.97±2.18
Year 2016 896 516 (57.6) 380 (42.4) 6.91±2.67
F or χ2 value χ2=2.280 F=0.473
P value 0.131 0.636

图1

2014年与2016年普查纳入儿童的各年龄分布"

表2

2014年及2016年两次调查结果的比较"

Group Number Debris index, x-±s dmft, M (P25, P75) DMFT, M (P25, P75) Decayed or not, n (%)
Decayed None decayed
Year 2014 992 1.82±0.49 3 (0, 6) 0 (0, 0) 748 (75.4) 244 (24.6)
Year 2016 896 1.58±0.55 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0) 646 (72.1) 250 (29.8)
F, Z or χ2 value F=9.842 Z=-3.858 Z=-0.809 χ2=2.662
P value <0.001 <0.001 0.419 0.103

图2

2014年调查儿童dmft及DMFT的数量分布"

图3

2016年调查儿童dmft及DMFT的数量分布"

表3

3~6岁及6~12岁儿童2014年和2016年两次调查结果的比较"

Group Age of 3-6 years Age of 6-12 years
Number Debris index, x-±s dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)		 Number Debris index,
x-±s		 dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)
Year 2014 373 1.69±0.48 3 (0, 6) 0 (0, 0) 619 1.89±0.48 3 (0, 5) 0 (0, 0)
Year 2016 397 1.45±0.54 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0) 499 1.69±0.54 2 (0, 4) 0 (0, 0)
F or Z value F=6.838 Z=-2.735 Z=-1.032 F=6.552 Z=-2.371 Z=-0.038
P value <0.001 0.006 0.302 <0.001 0.018 0.969

表4

5岁及12岁儿童2014年和2016年两次调查结果的比较"

Group 5-year-old 12-year-old
Number dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 Caries prevalence rate
of deciduous teeth		 Number dmft, M
(P25, P75)		 DMFT, M
(P25, P75)		 Caries prevalence rate
of first permanent molar
Year 2014 173 3 (0, 6) 75.7% 65 1 (0, 2) 0 (0, 1) 36.9%
Year 2016 179 2 (0, 4) 71.5% 104 1 (0, 2) 0 (0, 1) 26.9%
Z or χ2 value Z=-2.075 χ2=0.804 Z=-1.243 Z=-1.502 χ2=1.878
P value 0.038 0.370 0.214 0.133 0.171
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ISSN 1671-167X
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