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北京大学学报（医学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 488-494. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2023.03.015

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

室内挥发性有机物与年轻女性夜间心率变异性关联的定组研究

姬学朝1,刘珊1,王万州1,赵烨彤1,李陆一1,张文楼1,沈国锋2,邓芙蓉1,3,*(),郭新彪1,*()   

  1. 1. 北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系，北京 100191
    2. 北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室，北京 100871
    3. 北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院环境与健康研究中心，北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2023-06-18 发布日期:2023-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 邓芙蓉,郭新彪 E-mail:lotus321321@126.com;guoxb@bjmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3702704);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0702700);国家自然科学基金(82073506)

Associations between indoor volatile organic compounds and nocturnal heart rate variability of young female adults: A panel study

Xue-zhao JI1,Shan LIU1,Wan-zhou WANG1,Ye-tong ZHAO1,Lu-yi LI1,Wen-lou ZHANG1,Guo-feng SHEN2,Fu-rong DENG1,3,*(),Xin-biao GUO1,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
    2. Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes (Ministry of Education), College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    3. Research Center for Environment and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2023-02-20 Online:2023-06-18 Published:2023-06-12
  • Contact: Fu-rong DENG,Xin-biao GUO E-mail:lotus321321@126.com;guoxb@bjmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3702704);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0702700);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073506)

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摘要：

目的: 探究室内总挥发性有机物(total volatile organic compounds，TVOC)短期暴露与年轻女性夜间心率变异性(heart rate variability，HRV)的关联。方法: 采用定组研究设计，于2021年12月至2022年4月期间对北京市某高校50名年轻女性进行两次重复调查。每次调查期间，使用室内空气质量检测仪对研究对象室内TVOC浓度进行实时监测。室内温湿度、噪声、二氧化碳和颗粒物浓度分别采用温湿度仪、噪声监测仪、二氧化碳仪及多通道颗粒物监测仪进行实时监测，并采用12导联动态心电图仪测量HRV指标。采用混合效应模型分析TVOC与HRV指标的关联及暴露-反应关系，并使用双污染物模型检验结果的稳定性。结果: 50名女性的平均年龄为(22.5±2.3)岁，平均体重指数为(20.4±1.9) kg/m2。研究期间室内TVOC浓度的中位数(四分位间距)为0.069(0.046) mg/m3，室内温度、相对湿度、二氧化碳浓度、噪声水平及细颗粒物浓度的中位数(四分位间距)分别为24.3(2.7) ℃、38.5%(15.0%)、0.1%(0.1%)、52.7(5.8) dB(A)及10.3(21.5) μg/m3。室内TVOC短期暴露与研究对象HRV的时域及频域指标改变显著相关，且多数HRV指标发生最显著改变的暴露时间窗为1 h。室内TVOC的1 h滑动平均浓度每增加0.01 mg/m3，研究对象心跳间期标准偏差(standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals，SDNN)、连续5 min心跳间期平均标准偏差(standard deviation of average normal to normal intervals，SDANN)及相邻心跳差值超过50 ms与总正常心跳间距个数比值(percentage of adjacent normal to normal intervals differing by more than 50 ms，pNN50)分别降低1.89%(95%CI：-2.28%~-1.50%)、1.92%(95%CI：-2.32%~-1.51%)及0.64%(95%CI：-1.13%~-0.14%)，而总功率(total power，TP)、极低频功率(very low frequency power，VLF)及低频功率(low frequency power，LF)分别降低3.52%(95%CI：-4.30%~-2.74%)、5.01%(95%CI：-6.21%~-3.79%)及4.36%(95%CI：-5.16%~-3.55%)。暴露-反应关系曲线显示，当浓度超过0.1 mg/m3时，室内TVOC与SDNN、SDANN、TP、VLF线性负相关。双污染物模型提示，在控制室内噪声及细颗粒物因素后上述结果稳健。结论: 室内TVOC短期暴露与年轻女性的夜间HRV改变存在负相关，本研究为相关防控措施提供了重要的科学依据。

关键词: 空气污染，室内, 挥发性有机化合物, 心率变异性, 女性, 定组研究

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the association between short-term exposure to indoor total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV) among young female adults. Methods: This panel study recruited 50 young females from one university in Beijing, China from December 2021 to April 2022. All the participants underwent two sequential visits. During each visit, real time indoor TVOC concentration was monitored using an indoor air quality detector. The real time levels of indoor temperature, relative humidity, noise, carbon dioxide and fine particulate matter were monitored using a temperature and humidity meter, a noise meter, a carbon dioxide meter and a particulate counter, respectively. HRV parameters were measured using a 12-lead Holter. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between the TVOC and HRV parameters and establish the exposure-response relationships, and two-pollutant models were applied to examine the robustness of the results. Results: The mean age of the 50 female subjects was (22.5±2.3) years, and the mean body mass index was (20.4±1.9) kg/m2. During this study, the median (interquartile range) of indoor TVOC concentrations was 0.069 (0.046) mg/m3, the median (interquartile range) of indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, noise level and fine particulate matter concentration were 24.3 (2.7) ℃, 38.5% (15.0%), 0.1% (0.1%), 52.7 (5.8) dB(A) and 10.3 (21.5) μg/m3, respectively. Short-term exposure to indoor TVOC was associated with significant changes in time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters, and the exposure metric for most HRV parameters with the most significant changes was 1 h-moving average. Along with a 0.01 mg/m3 increment in 1 h-moving average concentration of indoor TVOC, this study observed decreases of 1.89% (95%CI: -2.28%, -1.50%) in standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals (SDNN), 1.92% (95%CI: -2.32%, -1.51%) in standard deviation of average normal to normal intervals (SDANN), 0.64% (95%CI: -1.13%, -0.14%) in percentage of adjacent NN intervals differing by more than 50 ms (pNN50), 3.52% (95%CI: -4.30%, -2.74%) in total power (TP), 5.01% (95%CI: -6.21%, -3.79%) in very low frequency (VLF) power, and 4.36% (95%CI: -5.16%, -3.55%) in low frequency (LF) power. The exposure-response curves showed that indoor TVOC was negatively correlated with SDNN, SDANN, TP, and VLF when the concentration exceeded 0.1 mg/m3. The two-pollutant models indicated that the results were generally robust after controlling indoor noise and fine particulate matter. Conclusion: Short-term exposure to indoor TVOC was associated with significant negative changes in nocturnal HRV of young women. This study provides an important scientific basis for relevant prevention and control measures.

Key words: Air pollution, indoor, Volatile organic compounds, Heart rate variability, Female, Panel study

中图分类号: 

  • R122.3

表1

研究期间研究对象所处室内环境污染物监测结果"

Indicator First visit Second visit All
TVOC/(×10-2 mg/m3) 7.8 (10.1) 6.9 (4.4) 6.9 (4.6)
Noise/dB(A) 52.8 (7.1) 52.7 (5.2) 52.7 (5.8)
PM2.5/(μg/m3) 16.0 (25.9) 4.24 (10.8) 10.3 (21.5)
CO2/% 0.1 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1) 0.1 (0.1)
Temperature/℃ 25.0 (2.2) 23.9 (2.7) 24.3 (2.7)
Relative humidity/% 38.2 (11.5) 39.1 (17.1) 38.5 (15.0)

表2

研究期间研究对象HRV各指标水平(n=50)"

Indicator First visit Second visit All
Heart rate/(beats/min) 62.0 (11.00) 62.0 (12.0) 62.0 (11.0)
SDNN/ms 65.0 (42.0) 64.0 (43.0) 65.0 (43.0)
SDANN/ms 64.0 (43.0) 64.0 (43.0) 64.0 (44.0)
rMSSD/ms 31.0 (16.0) 31.0 (16.0) 31.0 (16.0)
pNN50/% 35.0 (36.0) 34.0 (38.0) 34.0 (37.0)
TP/ms2 3 175.1 (4 355.6) 3 136.5 (4 188.2) 3 153.4 (4 293.1)
VLF/ms2 1 211.4 (2 857.7) 1 196.5 (2 700.2) 1 205.8 (2 785.7)
LF/ms2 639.1 (852.1) 623.1 (915.1) 633.0 (882.8)
HF/ms2 697.6 (901.9) 649.9 (950.9) 674.6 (928.3)

图1

室内TVOC每增加0.01 mg/m3与研究对象HRV指标百分比改变的关联及95%置信区间"

图2

室内TVOC与研究对象HRV指标的暴露-反应曲线"

表3

室内TVOC的1 h滑动平均浓度每增加0.01 mg/m3与研究对象HRV指标百分比改变(95%置信区间)关联的双污染物模型结果"

    Indicator Main-effects model Noise-two-pollutant model PM2.5-two-pollutant model
SDNN -1.89% (-2.28%, -1.50%) -1.88% (-2.36%, -1.41%) -1.97% (-2.77%, -1.17%)
SDANN -1.92% (-2.32%, -1.51%) -1.85% (-2.35%, -1.34%) -2.18% (-3.02%, -1.33%)
pNN50 -0.64% (-1.13%, -0.14%) -0.39% (-1.00%, 0.22%) -1.49% (-2.46%, -0.51%)
TP -3.52% (-4.30%, -2.74%) -3.21% (-4.18%, -2.24%) -4.14% (-5.75%, -2.50%)
VLF -5.01% (-6.21%, -3.79%) -4.18% (-5.68%, -2.65%) -4.97% (-7.48%, -2.39%)
LF -4.36% (-5.16%, -3.55%) -3.63% (-4.63%, -2.62%) -5.71% (-7.37%, -4.02%)
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ISSN 1671-167X
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