北京市密云区4岁儿童患龋状况及其与龋活跃性检测的相关性

doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2024.05.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dental caries of 4-year-old children in Miyun District of Beijing by international caries detection and assessment system (ICDAS), to detect the caries activity Cariostat value and to analyze the correlation between the Cariostat value and dental caries. Methods: Totally 815 children aged 4 years in 7 kindergartens in Miyun District of Beijing were recruited. The clinical examination of all children was conducted by one examiner using ICDAS. The oral de-birs and plaques were collected by one doctor who recorded the Cariostat scores. The results of clinical examination were compared between genders. At the same time, the prevalence of dental caries, the mean d_3-6ft/d_3-6fs and d_1-6ft/d_1-6fs among high Cariostat scores group (2.0-3.0), medium Cariostat scores group (1.5) and low Cariostat scores group (0-1.0) were compared. The distributions of incipient caries in different Cariostat scores groups were compared among children with incipient caries only. Results: All the children had incipient caries, and 78.3% of the children had cavitated caries with ICDAS score of 3 or above. The mean d_1-2t scores were 9.76±3.65, the mean d_3-6ft scores was 4.64±4.43 and the mean d_1-6ft scores were 14.41±3.42. The incipient caries with ICDAS score of 1-2 were widely distributed, accounting for 67.7% of the total numbers of caries. There was no significant diffe-rence in caries prevalence and caries experience between genders (P>0.05). The proportion of children with high Cariostat scores in boys (43.6%) was higher than that in girls (33%) and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). With the increase of Cariostat scores, the prevalence of cavitated caries, the mean d_3-6ft/d_3-6fs and d_1-6ft/d_1-6fs scores in children was on the increase and the difference among the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). For children with incipient caries only, the distribution of incipient caries in different Cariostat scores groups was no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: ICDAS can detect early enamel demineralization of deciduous teeth in children. The prevalence of dental caries among 815 4-year-old children in Miyun District of Beijing is more serious, and incipient caries is widely distributed in children. Cariostat value reflects the status of cavi-tated caries and has no correlation with the distribution of incipient caries. Therefore, the combined application of ICDAS and Cariostat caries activity detection method is helpful for the detection of incipient caries and screening of caries high-risk children, which has great significance for the comprehensive ma-nagement of caries in children and the formulation of early preventive measures.

Key words: Dental caries, Child, Diagnosis, International caries detection and assessment system, Cariostat caries activity detection

CLC Number:

R788.1

Xinxin CHEN, Zhe TANG, Yanchun QIAO, Wensheng RONG. Caries experience and its correlation with caries activity of 4-year-old children in Miyun District of Beijing[J].Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2024, 56(5): 833-838.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

References 21

1	Selwitz RH , Ismail AI , Pitts NB . Dental caries[J]. Lancet, 2007, 369 (9555): 51- 59.
2	Tinanoff N , Baez RJ , Diaz Guillory C , et al. Early childhood caries epidemiology, aetiology, risk assessment, societal burden, management, education, and policy: Global perspective[J]. Int J Paediatr Dent, 2019, 29 (3): 238- 248.
3	Phantumvanit P , Makino Y , Ogawa H , et al. WHO global consultation on public health intervention against early childhood caries[J]. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 2018, 46 (3): 280- 287.
4	Habbu SG , Krishnappa P . Effectiveness of oral health education in children: A systematic review of current evidence (2005-2011)[J]. Int Dent J, 2015, 65 (2): 57- 64.
5	Koroluk L , Hoover JN , Komiyama K . The sensitivity and specifi-city of a colorimetric microbiological caries activity test (Cariostat) in preschool children[J]. Pediatr Dent, 1994, 16 (4): 276- 281.
6	Shimono T . A new colorimetric caries activity test[J]. Dent Outlook, 1974, 43 (6): 829- 835.
7	孙鹏, 陈薇, 艺璇, 等. 国际龋病检查和评估系统Ⅱ与WHO检查方法在低龄儿童龋检查中的应用对比[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2018, 53 (11): 725- 729.
8	王兴, 中华口腔医学会. 第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查报告. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018.
9	Ismail AI , Lim S , Tellez M . Tooth surface level caries progression in the primary dentition among preschool children[J]. Caries Res, 2015, 49 (4): 442- 448.
10	沈芳, 袁全莲, 赵温, 等. 2008—2017年北京市海淀区学龄前儿童患龋情况分析[J]. 中国妇幼卫生杂志, 2020, 11 (2): 51- 55.
11	李静, 秦满, 谢盼. 北京市幼儿园3~4岁儿童龋齿活动性研究[J]. 现代口腔医学杂志, 2006, 20 (6): 640- 642.
12	方达峰, 陈希, 陈晖, 等. 学龄前儿童乳牙患龋的ICDAS系统评估[J]. 浙江预防医学, 2014, 26 (5): 442- 445.
13	马兆峰, 李石, 张红利, 等. 北京市顺义区5岁儿童龋病和口腔健康行为调查[J]. 北京口腔医学, 2020, 28 (3): 160- 163.
14	任京爱. Cariostat龋易感检测技术评价3~6岁儿童患龋风险的评估[J]. 全科口腔医学电子杂志, 2019, 6 (1): 79- 82.
15	Lee HS , Lee ES , Kang SM , et al. Clinical assessment of a new caries activity test using dental plaque acidogenicity in children under three years of age[J]. J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2016, 40 (5): 388- 392.
16	玄松玉, 袁峻伟, 王珏, 等. Cariostat龋易感性检测技术用于评价3岁儿童患龋风险的研究[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2017, 52 (11): 667- 671.
17	董伯娟, 肖墨, 苗晖, 等. 龋活跃性与年轻人龋病严重程度之间关系的研究[J]. 天津医科大学学报, 2021, 27 (1): 70- 75.
18	王俭, 郑树国, 王晓灵. 乳牙菌斑液pH值与患龋状况及摄糖频率的关系[J]. 现代口腔医学杂志, 2006, 20 (6): 643- 645.
19	许学斌, 刘淑杰, 程睿波. 菌斑pH转化试验与菌斑中变形链球菌感染水平的相关性研究[J]. 广东牙病防治, 2001, 9 (1): 7- 8.
20	曾慧芳. 低龄儿童龋活性及其唾液致龋菌的相关性分析[D]. 石家庄: 河北医科大学, 2020.
21	王新艳. 3~5岁儿童龋活跃性相关研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古医科大学, 2019.

Related Articles 15

[1]	Ye ZHAO, Xiaoli DIAO, Yan XIONG. Application of cell transfer technology in pathological diagnosis of micro-volume cell fluid [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(1): 208-213.
[2]	Yue WANG, Yuhong LIANG. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia: A case report [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(1): 220-224.
[3]	Ziyu HE, Hui ZHANG, Zhibin CHEN, Haixia XING, Jie PAN. Isolation, identification, and metabolic characterization of a Veillonella parvula isolated from supragingival plaque in a patient with rampant caries [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(1): 50-59.
[4]	Yanting CHI, Hongjie JIANG, Yan CHEN, Zhixiu XU, Binbin LI. Value of direct immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of oral mucosal pemphigus vulgaris: A retrospective study based on multi-index combined analysis [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2026, 58(1): 68-73.
[5]	Jingyan GU, Xinyi LI, Jinxia ZHAO, Rong MU. Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy initially misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis and gout: A case report [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(6): 1193-1197.
[6]	Xiaodi XIAO, Youchen XIA, Jianying LIU, Peng FU. Left sided sternocleidomastoid interosseous intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: A case report [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(5): 1002-1004.
[7]	Xiangyu SUN, Chao YUAN, Xinzhu ZHOU, Jing DIAO, Shuguo ZHENG. Application of salivary micro-ecosystem in early prevention and control of oral and systemic diseases [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(5): 859-863.
[8]	Zonghan LI, Yangyue HUANG, Ning LI, Minglei LI, Hongcheng SONG, Weiping ZHANG, Chao LIU. Preliminary application of domestic single-port serpentine arm robotic surgical system in children's pyeloplasty [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(4): 662-665.
[9]	Zhao ZHAO, Weiyu ZHANG, Wenbo YANG, Yongjie ZHANG, Xiaopeng ZHANG, Huiying ZHAO, Gang ZHOU, Qiang WANG. Kidney transplantation in low-age, low-weight children: A report of two cases [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(4): 803-807.
[10]	Yihang ZHANG, Shan CAI, Ziyue CHEN, Yunfei LIU, Jiajia DANG, Di SHI, Jiaxin LI, Tianyu HUANG, Yi SONG. Establishment of outcome indicators for the implementation of comprehensive intervention for multimorbidity of myopia and obesity among children and adolescents based on the RE-AIM framework [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(3): 436-441.
[11]	Mengli TANG, Yang LIU, Ran QIN, Xin GUO, Hongtian LI. Epidemiological characteristics of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years in ten provinces of China [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(3): 442-447.
[12]	Guangxu LIU, Liang ZHANG, Houyu ZHAO, Siwei DENG, Junting YANG, Ning LI, Rui MA, Yan HE, Guozhang XU, Zhike LIU, Siyan ZHAN. Epidemiological characteristics of febrile seizure among children under 6 years old in Ningbo City from 2015 to 2021 [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(3): 584-591.
[13]	Ziwei WANG, Min LI, Hui GAO, Fang DENG. Correlation between streptococcal infection and renal damage in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(2): 284-290.
[14]	Zhao CHEN, Yongkang QIU, Lei KANG. Classical Sweet syndrome with multiple organ lesions by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT: A case report [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(2): 403-407.
[15]	Guangyan YU, Xin PENG, Min GAO, Peng YE, Na GE, Mengqi JIA, Bingyu LI, Zunan TANG, Leihao HU, Wenbo ZHANG. Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland tumors [J]. Journal of Peking University (Health Sciences), 2025, 57(1): 1-6.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Items	Total (n=815)	Male (n=436)	Female (n=379)	Statistics	P
Mean decay tooth of early caries and cavitated caries
d_1-6t	13.89±3.42	13.95±3.47	13.82±3.37	t=0.55	0.59
ft	0.52±1.45	0.54±1.51	0.49±1.37	t=0.45	0.65
d_1-6ft	14.41±3.42	14.49±3.45	14.31±3.40	t=0.74	0.46
Mean decay tooth surface of early caries and cavitated caries
d_1-6s	43.09±15.31	43.38±15.45	42.77±15.15	t=0.57	0.57
fs	0.78±2.39	0.85±2.63	0.69±2.09	t=0.95	0.34
d_1-6fs	43.87±15.71	44.23±15.86	43.46±15.54	t=0.70	0.49
Mean decay tooth of early caries
d_1-2t	9.76±3.65	9.74±3.84	9.79±3.42	t=0.22	0.83
d_1-2s	35.01±11.45	34.98±11.53	35.05±11.37	t=0.08	0.93
Mean decay tooth of cavitated caries
d_3-6t	4.13±4.02	4.21±4.13	4.03±3.89	t=0.66	0.51
d_3-6ft	4.64±4.43	4.75±4.57	4.52±4.28	t=0.75	0.46
Mean decay tooth surface of cavitated caries
d_3-6s	8.08±9.43	8.39±9.96	7.72±8.78	t=1.03	0.30
d_3-6fs	8.85±10.19	9.24±10.78	8.41±9.44	t=1.18	0.24
Prevalence of cavitated carie	638 (78.3)	345 (79.1)	293 (77.3)	χ²=0.40	0.53
Cariostat scores				χ²=11.25	0.004
Low	268 (32.9)	139 (31.9)	129 (34.0)
Medium	232 (28.5)	107 (24.5)	125 (33.0)
High	315 (38.6)	190 (43.6)	125 (33.0)

Items	Cariostat score			P
Items	Low (n=268)	Medium (n=232)	High (n=315)	P
Mean decay tooth of early caries and cavitated caries
d_1-6t	13.47±3.35	13.74±3.33	14.36±3.51^*#	0.006
ft	0.34±1.18	0.52±1.43	0.66±1.64^*	0.006
d_1-6ft	13.81±3.35	14.26±3.35	15.02±3.45^*#	< 0.001
Mean decay tooth surface of early caries and cavitated caries
d_1-6s	40.62±14.34	42.55±15.36	45.59±15.72^*#	< 0.001
fs	0.51±1.96	0.72±2.15	1.04±2.84^*	0.005
d_1-6fs	41.13±14.52	43.27±15.73	46.64±16.25^*#	< 0.001
Mean decay tooth of cavitated caries
d_3-6t	2.59±3.01	3.84±3.72^*	5.64±4.41^*#	< 0.001
d_3-6ft	2.93±3.36	4.36±4.16^*	6.30±4.83^*#	< 0.001
Mean decay tooth surface of cavitated caries
d_3-6s	4.76±6.34	7.38±8.84^*	11.42±10.86^*#	< 0.001
d_3-6fs	5.27±6.87	8.10±9.56^*	12.46±11.71^*#	< 0.001

Items	Cariostat score			P
Items	Low (n=89)	Medium (n=50)	High (n=38)	P
d_1-2t	11.56±3.25	11.10±3.30	11.16±4.22	0.324
d_1-2s	31.13±11.73	29.68±12.60	27.39±14.63	0.577

Caries experience and its correlation with caries activity of 4-year-old children in Miyun District of Beijing

RICH HTML

PDF (PC)